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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="zh-CN"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"><meta name="theme-color" content="#222"><meta name="generator" content="Hexo 6.3.0"><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com" crossorigin><link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com" crossorigin><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/images/apple-touch-icon-next.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/images/favicon-32x32-next.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/images/favicon-16x16-next.png"><link rel="mask-icon" href="/images/logo.svg" color="#222"><meta name="google-site-verification" content="2X6S9P7CAjXjVvw8YyQR8pCu-B0oEu7O9quLgxXuWyA"><meta name="baidu-site-verification" content="dV8JGNzi0c"><script>setTimeout(function(){var 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${time} 毫秒）","hits":"找到 ${hits} 个搜索结果"},"path":"/search.xml","localsearch":{"enable":true,"trigger":"auto","top_n_per_article":1,"unescape":true,"preload":true}}</script><script src="/js/config.js"></script><meta name="description" content="learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森"><meta property="og:type" content="website"><meta property="og:title" content="Nicksxs&#39;s Blog"><meta property="og:url" content="https://nicksxs.me/page/11/index.html"><meta property="og:site_name" content="Nicksxs&#39;s Blog"><meta property="og:description" content="learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森"><meta property="og:locale" content="zh_CN"><meta property="article:author" content="Nicksxs"><meta property="article:tag" content="Nicksxs,史学森,米方方,米方方的男朋友,森哥"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"><link rel="canonical" href="https://nicksxs.me/page/11/"><script class="next-config" data-name="page" type="application/json">{"sidebar":"","isHome":true,"isPost":false,"lang":"zh-CN","comments":"","permalink":"","path":"page/11/index.html","title":""}</script><script class="next-config" data-name="calendar" type="application/json">""</script><title>Nicksxs's Blog - What hurts more, the pain of hard work or the pain of regret?</title><script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-61358619-1"></script><script class="next-config" data-name="google_analytics" type="application/json">{"tracking_id":"UA-61358619-1","only_pageview":false}</script><script src="/js/third-party/analytics/google-analytics.js"></script><script src="/js/third-party/analytics/baidu-analytics.js"></script><script async src="https://hm.baidu.com/hm.js?20f33b3c0c0eff9b1522999c0015646d"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/noscript.css"></noscript><link rel="alternate" href="/atom.xml" title="Nicksxs's Blog" type="application/atom+xml"></head><body itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage" class="use-motion"><div class="headband"></div><main class="main"><div class="column"><header class="header" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WPHeader"><div class="site-brand-container"><div class="site-nav-toggle"><div class="toggle" aria-label="切换导航栏" role="button"><span class="toggle-line"></span> <span class="toggle-line"></span> <span class="toggle-line"></span></div></div><div class="site-meta"><a href="/" class="brand" rel="start"><i class="logo-line"></i><h1 class="site-title">Nicksxs's Blog</h1><i class="logo-line"></i></a><p class="site-subtitle" itemprop="description">What hurts more, the pain of hard work or the pain of regret?</p></div><div class="site-nav-right"><div class="toggle popup-trigger" aria-label="搜索" role="button"><i class="fa fa-search fa-fw fa-lg"></i></div></div></div><nav class="site-nav"><ul class="main-menu menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-home"><a href="/" rel="section"><i class="fa fa-home 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class="search-pop-overlay"><div class="popup search-popup"><div class="search-header"><span class="search-icon"><i class="fa fa-search"></i></span><div class="search-input-container"><input autocomplete="off" autocapitalize="off" maxlength="80" placeholder="搜索..." spellcheck="false" type="search" class="search-input"></div><span class="popup-btn-close" role="button"><i class="fa fa-times-circle"></i></span></div><div class="search-result-container no-result"><div class="search-result-icon"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-pulse fa-5x"></i></div></div></div></div></header><aside class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-inner sidebar-overview-active"><ul class="sidebar-nav"><li class="sidebar-nav-toc">文章目录</li><li class="sidebar-nav-overview">站点概览</li></ul><div class="sidebar-panel-container"><div class="post-toc-wrap sidebar-panel"></div><div class="site-overview-wrap sidebar-panel"><div class="site-author animated" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><img class="site-author-image" itemprop="image" alt="Nicksxs" src="/uploads/avatar.jpg"><p class="site-author-name" itemprop="name">Nicksxs</p><div class="site-description" itemprop="description">learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森</div></div><div class="site-state-wrap animated"><nav class="site-state"><div class="site-state-item site-state-posts"><a href="/archives/"><span class="site-state-item-count">194</span> <span class="site-state-item-name">日志</span></a></div><div class="site-state-item site-state-categories"><a href="/categories/"><span class="site-state-item-count">148</span> <span class="site-state-item-name">分类</span></a></div><div class="site-state-item site-state-tags"><a href="/tags/"><span class="site-state-item-count">287</span> <span class="site-state-item-name">标签</span></a></div></nav></div><div class="links-of-author animated"><span class="links-of-author-item"><a href="https://github.com/nicksxs" title="GitHub → https:&#x2F;&#x2F;github.com&#x2F;nicksxs" rel="noopener me" target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-github fa-fw"></i>GitHub</a> </span><span class="links-of-author-item"><a href="mailto:nicksxs1202@gmail.com" title="E-Mail → mailto:nicksxs1202@gmail.com" rel="noopener me" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-envelope fa-fw"></i>E-Mail</a></span></div><div class="cc-license animated" itemprop="license"><a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" class="cc-opacity" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><img src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/creativecommons-vocabulary/2020.11.3/assets/license_badges/small/by_nc_sa.svg" alt="Creative Commons"></a></div><div class="post-gallery" style="height:120px;min-height:120px" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageGallery"><div class="post-gallery-row"><a class="post-gallery-img fancybox" href="https://url.cn/LLWrL7gx" rel="gallery_" target="_blank" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject" itemprop="url"><img src="https://img.nicksxs.com/blog/345X200.jpg" style="padding:12px" 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rel="tag">SPI</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/Servlet/" rel="tag">Servlet</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/Sharding-Jdbc/" rel="tag">Sharding-Jdbc</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/Shift-2D-Grid/" rel="tag">Shift 2D Grid</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/Singleton/" rel="tag">Singleton</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/Spring/" rel="tag">Spring</a><span class="tag-list-count">6</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/Spring-Event/" rel="tag">Spring Event</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/SpringBoot/" rel="tag">SpringBoot</a><span class="tag-list-count">4</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/Sql%E6%B3%A8%E5%85%A5/" rel="tag">Sql注入</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/Stream/" rel="tag">Stream</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/Synchronized/" rel="tag">Synchronized</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/Thread-dump/" rel="tag">Thread dump</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/ThreadLocal/" rel="tag">ThreadLocal</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/ThreadPool/" rel="tag">ThreadPool</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/Tomcat/" rel="tag">Tomcat</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/Trapping-Rain-Water/" rel="tag">Trapping Rain Water</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/WeakReference/" rel="tag">WeakReference</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/Web/" rel="tag">Web</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/Webhook/" rel="tag">Webhook</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/WordPress/" rel="tag">WordPress</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/aqs/" rel="tag">aqs</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/await/" rel="tag">await</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/bloom-filter/" rel="tag">bloom filter</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/c/" rel="tag">c++</a><span class="tag-list-count">14</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/cglib/" rel="tag">cglib</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/cgroup/" rel="tag">cgroup</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/cluster/" rel="tag">cluster</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/condition/" rel="tag">condition</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/docker/" rel="tag">docker</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/dp/" rel="tag">dp</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/dubbo/" rel="tag">dubbo</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/echo/" rel="tag">echo</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/environment/" rel="tag">environment</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/gap-lock/" rel="tag">gap lock</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/gc/" rel="tag">gc</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/git/" rel="tag">git</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/grep/" rel="tag">grep</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/hadoop/" rel="tag">hadoop</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/icu4c/" rel="tag">icu4c</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/im/" rel="tag">im</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/is-not-null/" rel="tag">is not null</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/is-null/" rel="tag">is null</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/j-u-c/" rel="tag">j.u.c</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/java/" rel="tag">java</a><span class="tag-list-count">33</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/jvm/" rel="tag">jvm</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/leetcode/" rel="tag">leetcode</a><span class="tag-list-count">40</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/leetcode-155/" rel="tag">leetcode 155</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/linked-list/" rel="tag">linked list</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/linux/" rel="tag">linux</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/lock/" rel="tag">lock</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/mfc/" rel="tag">mfc</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/min-stack/" rel="tag">min stack</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/mq/" rel="tag">mq</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/mvcc/" rel="tag">mvcc</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/mysql/" rel="tag">mysql</a><span class="tag-list-count">6</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/namespace/" rel="tag">namespace</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/next-key-lock/" rel="tag">next-key lock</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/nginx/" rel="tag">nginx</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/nullsfirst/" rel="tag">nullsfirst</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/openresty/" rel="tag">openresty</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/php/" rel="tag">php</a><span class="tag-list-count">4</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/powershell/" rel="tag">powershell</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/procedure/" rel="tag">procedure</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/python/" rel="tag">python</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/read-view/" rel="tag">read view</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/redis/" rel="tag">redis</a><span class="tag-list-count">12</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/scp/" rel="tag">scp</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/signal/" rel="tag">signal</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/sort/" rel="tag">sort</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/spark/" rel="tag">spark</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/ssh/" rel="tag">ssh</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/stack/" rel="tag">stack</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/stream/" rel="tag">stream</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/string/" rel="tag">string</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/swoole/" rel="tag">swoole</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/top/" rel="tag">top</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/uname/" rel="tag">uname</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/unlock/" rel="tag">unlock</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/utf8/" rel="tag">utf8</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/utf8mb4/" rel="tag">utf8mb4</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/utf8mb4-0900-ai-ci/" rel="tag">utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/utf8mb4-general-ci/" rel="tag">utf8mb4_general_ci</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/utf8mb4-unicode-ci/" rel="tag">utf8mb4_unicode_ci</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/value/" rel="tag">value</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/websocket/" rel="tag">websocket</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/zookeeper/" rel="tag">zookeeper</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/zsh/" rel="tag">zsh</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%B8%89%E9%98%B6%E6%AE%B5%E6%8F%90%E4%BA%A4/" rel="tag">三阶段提交</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%B8%8D%E5%8F%AF%E5%8F%98%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8/" rel="tag">不可变引用</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%B8%9C%E4%BA%AC%E5%A5%A5%E8%BF%90%E4%BC%9A/" rel="tag">东京奥运会</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%B8%A4%E9%98%B6%E6%AE%B5%E6%8F%90%E4%BA%A4/" rel="tag">两阶段提交</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1%E8%B7%AF/" rel="tag">中山路</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%8F/" rel="tag">中序</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%B8%AD%E9%97%B4%E4%BB%B6/" rel="tag">中间件</a><span class="tag-list-count">4</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%B8%BE%E9%87%8D/" rel="tag">举重</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%B9%92%E4%B9%93%E7%90%83/" rel="tag">乒乓球</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%BA%8B%E5%8A%A1/" rel="tag">事务</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%89%E6%A0%91/" rel="tag">二叉树</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%BA%92%E6%96%A5%E9%94%81/" rel="tag">互斥锁</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E9%A2%98%E8%A7%A3/" rel="tag">代码题解</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%BF%AE%E7%94%B5%E8%84%91%E7%9A%84/" rel="tag">修电脑的</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%81%8F%E5%90%91%E9%94%81/" rel="tag">偏向锁</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E7%A0%81/" rel="tag">健康码</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%85%AC%E4%BA%A4/" rel="tag">公交</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%85%AC%E4%BA%A4%E8%BD%A6/" rel="tag">公交车</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%86%85%E5%AD%98%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83/" rel="tag">内存分布</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%86%85%E5%AD%98%E6%B3%84%E6%BC%8F/" rel="tag">内存泄漏</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%87%86%E5%A4%87/" rel="tag">准备</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%87%8F%E8%82%A5/" rel="tag">减肥</a><span class="tag-list-count">6</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E5%BC%8F%E4%BA%8B%E5%8A%A1/" rel="tag">分布式事务</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E5%BC%8F%E9%94%81/" rel="tag">分布式锁</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%88%87%E7%89%87/" rel="tag">切片</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96/" rel="tag">初始化</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%89%8A%E5%B3%B0%E5%A1%AB%E8%B0%B7/" rel="tag">削峰填谷</a><span class="tag-list-count">4</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%89%8D%E5%BA%8F/" rel="tag">前序</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%8A%A0%E5%A1%9E/" rel="tag">加塞</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%8A%A0%E8%BD%BD/" rel="tag">加载</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%8D%95%E4%BE%8B/" rel="tag">单例</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%8D%9A%E5%AE%A2%EF%BC%8C%E6%96%87%E7%AB%A0/" rel="tag">博客，文章</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%8E%A6%E9%97%A8/" rel="tag">厦门</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%8F%8C%E4%BA%B2%E5%A7%94%E6%B4%BE/" rel="tag">双亲委派</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%8F%91%E8%A1%8C%E7%89%88/" rel="tag">发行版</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%8F%A3%E7%BD%A9/" rel="tag">口罩</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%8F%AF%E5%8F%98%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8/" rel="tag">可变引用</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%90%90%E6%A7%BD/" rel="tag">吐槽</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%9B%A4%E7%89%A9%E8%B5%84/" rel="tag">囤物资</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%9E%83%E5%9C%BE%E5%9B%9E%E6%94%B6/" rel="tag">垃圾回收</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E8%AE%BE%E6%96%BD/" rel="tag">基础设施</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%A4%A7%E6%89%AB%E9%99%A4/" rel="tag">大扫除</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%AD%97%E7%AC%A6%E9%9B%86/" rel="tag">字符集</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8/" rel="tag">安全</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%AE%B9%E9%94%99%E6%9C%BA%E5%88%B6/" rel="tag">容错机制</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%AF%84%E7%94%9F%E8%99%AB/" rel="tag">寄生虫</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%B0%84%E5%87%BB/" rel="tag">射击</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%B0%8F%E6%8A%80%E5%B7%A7/" rel="tag">小技巧</a><span class="tag-list-count">5</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%B1%80%E5%8F%A3%E8%A1%97/" rel="tag">局口街</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%B8%83%E9%9A%86%E8%BF%87%E6%BB%A4%E5%99%A8/" rel="tag">布隆过滤器</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%B9%B2%E6%B4%BB/" rel="tag">干活</a><span class="tag-list-count">5</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93/" 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class="post-content"><link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://nicksxs.me/2022/02/06/%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%8B%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA-scp-%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95/"><span hidden itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="image" content="/uploads/avatar.jpg"><meta itemprop="name" content="Nicksxs"></span><span hidden itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="Nicksxs's Blog"><meta itemprop="description" content="learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森"></span><span hidden itemprop="post" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><meta itemprop="name" content="undefined | Nicksxs's Blog"><meta itemprop="description" content=""></span><header class="post-header"><h2 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/2022/02/06/%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%8B%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA-scp-%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">分享记录一下一个 scp 操作方法</a></h2><div class="post-meta-container"><div class="post-meta"><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-calendar"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span> <time title="创建时间：2022-02-06 21:43:26 / 修改时间：21:44:38" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2022-02-06T21:43:26+08:00">2022-02-06</time> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-folder"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">分类于</span> <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/shell/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">shell</span></a> </span>， <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/shell/%E5%B0%8F%E6%8A%80%E5%B7%A7/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">小技巧</span></a> </span></span><span id="/2022/02/06/%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%8B%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA-scp-%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95/" class="post-meta-item leancloud_visitors" data-flag-title="分享记录一下一个 scp 操作方法" title="阅读次数"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-eye"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">阅读次数：</span> <span class="leancloud-visitors-count"></span> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-comment"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">Disqus：</span> <a title="disqus" href="/2022/02/06/%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%8B%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA-scp-%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95/#disqus_thread" itemprop="discussionUrl"><span class="post-comments-count disqus-comment-count" data-disqus-identifier="2022/02/06/分享记录一下一个-scp-操作方法/" itemprop="commentCount"></span></a></span></div></div></header><div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>scp 是个在服务器之间拷贝文件的一个常用命令，有时候有个场景是比如我们需要拷贝一些带有共同前缀的文件，但是有一个问题是比如我们有使用 zsh 的话，会出现一个报错，</p><pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">zsh: no matches found: root@100.100.100.100://root/prefix*<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span></code></pre><p>这里就比较奇怪了，这个前缀的文件肯定是有的，这里其实是由于 zsh 会对 <code>*</code> 进行展开，这个可以在例如 <code>ls</code> 命令在使用中就可以发现 <code>zsh</code> 有这个特性<br>需要使用双引号或单引号将路径包起来或者在<code>*</code>之前加反斜杠<code>\</code>来阻止对<code>*</code>展开和转义</p><pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash"><span class="token function">scp</span> root@100.100.100.100://root/prefix* <span class="token builtin class-name">.</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span></code></pre><p>通过使用双引号<code>&quot;</code>进行转义</p><pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash"><span class="token function">scp</span> root@100.100.100.100:<span class="token string">"//root/prefix*"</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">.</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span></code></pre><p>或者可以将 shell 从 zsh 切换成 bash</p></div><footer class="post-footer"><div class="post-eof"></div></footer></article></div><div class="post-block"><article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article" class="post-content"><link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://nicksxs.me/2022/02/06/%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%8B%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA-git-%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95/"><span hidden itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="image" content="/uploads/avatar.jpg"><meta itemprop="name" content="Nicksxs"></span><span hidden itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="Nicksxs's Blog"><meta itemprop="description" content="learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森"></span><span hidden itemprop="post" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><meta itemprop="name" content="undefined | Nicksxs's Blog"><meta itemprop="description" content=""></span><header class="post-header"><h2 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/2022/02/06/%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%8B%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA-git-%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">分享记录一下一个 git 操作方法</a></h2><div class="post-meta-container"><div class="post-meta"><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-calendar"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span> <time title="创建时间：2022-02-06 21:14:58" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2022-02-06T21:14:58+08:00">2022-02-06</time> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-calendar-check"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">更新于</span> <time title="修改时间：2022-06-11 22:45:11" itemprop="dateModified" datetime="2022-06-11T22:45:11+08:00">2022-06-11</time> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-folder"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">分类于</span> <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/git/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">git</span></a> </span>， <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/git/%E5%B0%8F%E6%8A%80%E5%B7%A7/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">小技巧</span></a> </span></span><span id="/2022/02/06/%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%8B%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA-git-%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95/" class="post-meta-item leancloud_visitors" data-flag-title="分享记录一下一个 git 操作方法" title="阅读次数"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-eye"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">阅读次数：</span> <span class="leancloud-visitors-count"></span> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-comment"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">Disqus：</span> <a title="disqus" href="/2022/02/06/%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%8B%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA-git-%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95/#disqus_thread" itemprop="discussionUrl"><span class="post-comments-count disqus-comment-count" data-disqus-identifier="2022/02/06/分享记录一下一个-git-操作方法/" itemprop="commentCount"></span></a></span></div></div></header><div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>前阵子一个同事因为发现某个分支上的代码好像有缺失导致无法正常运行，然后就对比了下把缺失的代码从另一个分支上拷了过来，可能有所欠考虑，不过主要是说下操作过程和最后的处理方法，这位同学的操作是改一些代码commit 一下，这样的 commit 了大概五六次，并且已经 push 到了远端，然后就在想要怎么去处理，在本地可以 reset，已经到远端了，一个很不优雅的操作就是本地 reset 了用 force push，这个当然是不可取的，然后就是 revert 了，但是又已经 commit 了好几次了，网上看了下，好像处理方法还挺成熟的，git revert 命令本质上就是一个逆向的 git cherry-pick 操作。 它将你提交中的变更的以完全相反的方式的应用到一个新创建的提交中，本质上就是撤销或者倒转。可以理解为就是提交一个反向的操作，这里其实我们可以用<code>range revert</code>来进行 <code>git revert</code>, 用法就是</p><pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash"><span class="token function">git</span> revert OLDER_COMMIT^<span class="token punctuation">..</span>NEWER_COMMIT<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span></code></pre><p>这样就可以解决上面的问题了，但是还有个问题是这样会根据前面的 commit 数量提交对应数量个 revert commit 会显得比较乱，如果要比较干净的 commit 历史，<br>可以看下 <code>git revert</code> 命令说明<br><img data-src="https://img.nicksxs.com/uPic/3nmnwY.png"><br>然后就可以用 <code>-n</code> 参数，表示不自动提交</p><pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash"><span class="token function">git</span> revert <span class="token parameter variable">-n</span> OLDER_COMMIT^<span class="token punctuation">..</span>NEWER_COMMIT
<span class="token function">git</span> commit <span class="token parameter variable">-m</span> <span class="token string">"revert OLDER_COMMIT to NEWER_COMMIT"</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre></div><footer class="post-footer"><div class="post-eof"></div></footer></article></div><div class="post-block"><article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article" class="post-content"><link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://nicksxs.me/2022/01/30/spring-event-%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D/"><span hidden itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="image" content="/uploads/avatar.jpg"><meta itemprop="name" content="Nicksxs"></span><span hidden itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="Nicksxs's Blog"><meta itemprop="description" content="learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森"></span><span hidden itemprop="post" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><meta itemprop="name" content="undefined | Nicksxs's Blog"><meta itemprop="description" content=""></span><header class="post-header"><h2 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/2022/01/30/spring-event-%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">spring event 介绍</a></h2><div class="post-meta-container"><div class="post-meta"><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-calendar"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span> <time title="创建时间：2022-01-30 21:51:03" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2022-01-30T21:51:03+08:00">2022-01-30</time> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-calendar-check"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">更新于</span> <time title="修改时间：2022-06-11 22:45:11" itemprop="dateModified" datetime="2022-06-11T22:45:11+08:00">2022-06-11</time> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-folder"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">分类于</span> <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/Java/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">Java</span></a> </span>， <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/Java/Spring/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">Spring</span></a> </span></span><span id="/2022/01/30/spring-event-%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D/" class="post-meta-item leancloud_visitors" data-flag-title="spring event 介绍" title="阅读次数"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-eye"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">阅读次数：</span> <span class="leancloud-visitors-count"></span> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-comment"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">Disqus：</span> <a title="disqus" href="/2022/01/30/spring-event-%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D/#disqus_thread" itemprop="discussionUrl"><span class="post-comments-count disqus-comment-count" data-disqus-identifier="2022/01/30/spring-event-介绍/" itemprop="commentCount"></span></a></span></div></div></header><div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>spring框架中如果想使用一些一部操作，除了依赖第三方中间件的消息队列，还可以用spring自己的event，简单介绍下使用方法<br>首先我们可以建一个event，继承ApplicationEvent</p><pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">CustomSpringEvent</span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">ApplicationEvent</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> message<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token class-name">CustomSpringEvent</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Object</span> source<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> message<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
<span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>source<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>message <span class="token operator">=</span> message<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token function">getMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> message<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre><p>这个 ApplicationEvent 其实也比较简单，内部就一个 Object 类型的 source，可以自行扩展，我们在自定义的这个 Event 里加了个 Message ，只是简单介绍下使用</p><pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">abstract</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">ApplicationEvent</span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">EventObject</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">final</span> <span class="token keyword">long</span> serialVersionUID <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">7099057708183571937L</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token keyword">final</span> <span class="token keyword">long</span> timestamp<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token class-name">ApplicationEvent</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Object</span> source<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
<span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>source<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>timestamp <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">currentTimeMillis</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token class-name">ApplicationEvent</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Object</span> source<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Clock</span> clock<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
<span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>source<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>timestamp <span class="token operator">=</span> clock<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">millis</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">final</span> <span class="token keyword">long</span> <span class="token function">getTimestamp</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>timestamp<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre><p>然后就是事件生产者和监听消费者</p><pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token annotation punctuation">@Component</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">CustomSpringEventPublisher</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Resource</span>
<span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token class-name">ApplicationEventPublisher</span> applicationEventPublisher<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">publishCustomEvent</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">final</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> message<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
<span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Publishing custom event. "</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">CustomSpringEvent</span> customSpringEvent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">CustomSpringEvent</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> message<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
applicationEventPublisher<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publishEvent</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>customSpringEvent<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre><p>这里的 ApplicationEventPublisher 是 Spring 的方法接口</p><pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token annotation punctuation">@FunctionalInterface</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">interface</span> <span class="token class-name">ApplicationEventPublisher</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
<span class="token keyword">default</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">publishEvent</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ApplicationEvent</span> event<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publishEvent</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Object</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>event<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">publishEvent</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Object</span> var1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre><p>具体的是例如 <code>org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#publishEvent(java.lang.Object, org.springframework.core.ResolvableType)</code> 中的实现，后面可以展开讲讲</p><p>事件监听者：</p><pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token annotation punctuation">@Component</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">CustomSpringEventListener</span> <span class="token keyword">implements</span> <span class="token class-name">ApplicationListener</span><span class="token generics"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token class-name">CustomSpringEvent</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">onApplicationEvent</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">CustomSpringEvent</span> event<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
<span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Received spring custom event - "</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> event<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre><p>这里的也是 spring 的一个方法接口</p><pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java"><span class="token annotation punctuation">@FunctionalInterface</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">interface</span> <span class="token class-name">ApplicationListener</span><span class="token generics"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token class-name">E</span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">ApplicationEvent</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">EventListener</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
<span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">onApplicationEvent</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">E</span> var1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token generics"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token class-name">T</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> <span class="token class-name">ApplicationListener</span><span class="token generics"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token class-name">PayloadApplicationEvent</span><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token class-name">T</span><span class="token punctuation">></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> <span class="token function">forPayload</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Consumer</span><span class="token generics"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token class-name">T</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> consumer<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>event<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">-></span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
consumer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">accept</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>event<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getPayload</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre><p>然后简单包个请求</p><pre class="line-numbers language-java" data-language="java"><code class="language-java">
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@RequestMapping</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>value <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"/event"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> method <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RequestMethod</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token constant">GET</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@ResponseBody</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">event</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span>
customSpringEventPublisher<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publishCustomEvent</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"hello sprint event"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre><p><img data-src="https://img.nicksxs.com/uPic/RppSmk.png"><br>就能看到接收到消息了。</p></div><footer class="post-footer"><div class="post-eof"></div></footer></article></div><div class="post-block"><article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article" class="post-content"><link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://nicksxs.me/2022/01/22/2021-%E5%B9%B4%E7%BB%88%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93/"><span hidden itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="image" content="/uploads/avatar.jpg"><meta itemprop="name" content="Nicksxs"></span><span hidden itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="Nicksxs's Blog"><meta itemprop="description" content="learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森"></span><span hidden itemprop="post" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><meta itemprop="name" content="undefined | Nicksxs's Blog"><meta itemprop="description" content=""></span><header class="post-header"><h2 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/2022/01/22/2021-%E5%B9%B4%E7%BB%88%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">2021 年终总结</a></h2><div class="post-meta-container"><div class="post-meta"><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-calendar"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span> <time title="创建时间：2022-01-22 23:27:06" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2022-01-22T23:27:06+08:00">2022-01-22</time> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-folder"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">分类于</span> <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">生活</span></a> </span>， <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB/%E5%B9%B4%E7%BB%88%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">年终总结</span></a> </span></span><span id="/2022/01/22/2021-%E5%B9%B4%E7%BB%88%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93/" class="post-meta-item leancloud_visitors" data-flag-title="2021 年终总结" title="阅读次数"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-eye"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">阅读次数：</span> <span class="leancloud-visitors-count"></span> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-comment"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">Disqus：</span> <a title="disqus" href="/2022/01/22/2021-%E5%B9%B4%E7%BB%88%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93/#disqus_thread" itemprop="discussionUrl"><span class="post-comments-count disqus-comment-count" data-disqus-identifier="2022/01/22/2021-年终总结/" itemprop="commentCount"></span></a></span></div></div></header><div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>又是一年年终总结，本着极度讨厌实时需求的理念，我还是 T+N 发布这个年终总结</p><h1 id="工作篇"><a href="#工作篇" class="headerlink" title="工作篇"></a>工作篇</h1><p>工作没什么大变化，有了些微的提升，可能因为是来了之后做了些项目对比公司与来还算是比较重要的，但是技术难度上没有特别突出的点，可能最开始用 openresty+lua 做了个 ab 测的工具，还是让我比较满意的，后面一般都是业务型的需求，今年可能在业务相关的技术逻辑上有了一些深度的了解，而原来一直想做的业务架构升级和通用型技术中间件这样的优化还是停留在想象中，前面说的 ab 测应该算是个半成品，还是没能多走出这一步，得需要多做一些实在的事情，比如轻量级的业务框架，能够对原先不熟悉的业务逻辑，代码逻辑有比较深入的理解，而不是一直都是让特定的同学负责特定的逻辑，很多时候还是在偷懒，习惯以一些简单安全的方案去做事情，在技术上还是要有所追求，还有就是能够在新语言，主要是 rust，swift 这类的能有些小玩具可以做，rust 的话是因为今年看了一本相关的书，后面三分之一其实消化得不好，这本书整体来说是很不错的，只是 rust 本身在所有权这块，还有引用包装等方面是设计得比较难懂，也可能是我基础差，所以还是想在复习下，可以做一个简单的命令行工具这种，然后 swift 是想说可以做点 mac 的小软件，原生的毕竟性能好点，又小。基于 web 做的客户端大部分都是又丑又大，极少数能好看点，但也是很重，起码 7~80M 的大小，原生的估计能除以 10。<br>整体的职业规划貌似陷入了比较大的困惑期，在目前公司发展前景不是很大，但是出去貌似也没有比较适合我的机会，总的来说还是杭州比较卷，个人觉得有自己的时间是非常重要的，而且这个不光是用来自我提升的，还是让自己有足够的时间做缓冲，有足够的时间锻炼减肥，时间少的情况下，不光会在仅有的时间里暴饮暴食，还没空锻炼，身体是革命的本钱，现在其实能特别明显地感觉到身体状态下滑，容易疲劳，焦虑。所以是否也许有可能以后要往外企这类的方向去发展。<br>工作上其实还是有个不大不小的缺点，就是容易激动，容易焦虑，前一点可能有稍稍地改观，因为工作中的很多现状其实是我个人难以改变的，即使觉得不合理，但是结构在那里，还不如自己放宽心，尽量做好事情就行。第二点的话还是做得比较差，一直以来抗压能力都比较差，跟成长环境，家庭环境都有比较大的关系，而且说实在的特别是父母，基本也没有在这方面给我正向的帮助，比较擅长给我施压，从小就是通过压力让我好好读书，当个乖学生，考个好学校，并没有能真正地理解我的压力，教我或者帮助我解压，只会在那说着不着边际的空话，甚至经常反过来对我施压。还是希望能慢慢解开，这点可能对我身体也有影响，也许需要看一些心理疏导相关的书籍。工作篇暂时到这，后续还有其他篇，未完待续哈哈😀</p></div><footer class="post-footer"><div class="post-eof"></div></footer></article></div><div class="post-block"><article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article" class="post-content"><link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://nicksxs.me/2022/01/16/%E6%90%AC%E8%BF%90%E4%B8%A4%E4%B8%AA-StackOverflow-%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84-Mysql-%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E7%9A%84%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E8%A7%A3%E7%AD%94/"><span hidden itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="image" content="/uploads/avatar.jpg"><meta itemprop="name" content="Nicksxs"></span><span hidden itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="Nicksxs's Blog"><meta itemprop="description" content="learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森"></span><span hidden itemprop="post" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><meta itemprop="name" content="undefined | Nicksxs's Blog"><meta itemprop="description" content=""></span><header class="post-header"><h2 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/2022/01/16/%E6%90%AC%E8%BF%90%E4%B8%A4%E4%B8%AA-StackOverflow-%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84-Mysql-%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E7%9A%84%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E8%A7%A3%E7%AD%94/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">搬运两个 StackOverflow 上的 Mysql 编码相关的问题解答</a></h2><div class="post-meta-container"><div class="post-meta"><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-calendar"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span> <time title="创建时间：2022-01-16 20:52:31" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2022-01-16T20:52:31+08:00">2022-01-16</time> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-folder"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">分类于</span> <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/Mysql/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">Mysql</span></a> </span></span><span id="/2022/01/16/%E6%90%AC%E8%BF%90%E4%B8%A4%E4%B8%AA-StackOverflow-%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84-Mysql-%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E7%9A%84%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E8%A7%A3%E7%AD%94/" class="post-meta-item leancloud_visitors" data-flag-title="搬运两个 StackOverflow 上的 Mysql 编码相关的问题解答" title="阅读次数"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-eye"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">阅读次数：</span> <span class="leancloud-visitors-count"></span> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-comment"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">Disqus：</span> <a title="disqus" href="/2022/01/16/%E6%90%AC%E8%BF%90%E4%B8%A4%E4%B8%AA-StackOverflow-%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84-Mysql-%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E7%9A%84%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%E8%A7%A3%E7%AD%94/#disqus_thread" itemprop="discussionUrl"><span class="post-comments-count disqus-comment-count" data-disqus-identifier="2022/01/16/搬运两个-StackOverflow-上的-Mysql-编码相关的问题解答/" itemprop="commentCount"></span></a></span></div></div></header><div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><h1 id="Mysql-字符编码和排序规则"><a href="#Mysql-字符编码和排序规则" class="headerlink" title="Mysql 字符编码和排序规则"></a>Mysql 字符编码和排序规则</h1><p>这个一直是属于一知半解的状态，知道 utf8 跟 utf8mb4 的区别主要是能不能支持 emoji，但是具体后面配置的排序规则是用来干嘛，或者有什么区别，应该使用哪个，所以在 stackoverflow 上找了下，有两个比较不错的解答，就搬过来并且配合机翻做了点修改</p><h3 id="原文"><a href="#原文" class="headerlink" title="原文"></a><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/766809/whats-the-difference-between-utf8-general-ci-and-utf8-unicode-ci">原文</a></h3><p>For those people still arriving at this question in 2020 or later, there are newer options that may be better than both of these. For example, <code>utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci</code>.</p><p>All these collations are for the UTF-8 character encoding. The differences are in how text is sorted and compared.</p><p><code>_unicode_ci</code> and <code>_general_ci</code> are two different sets of rules for sorting and comparing text according to the way we expect. Newer versions of MySQL introduce new sets of rules, too, such as <code>_0900_ai_ci</code> for equivalent rules based on Unicode 9.0 - and with no equivalent <code>_general_ci</code> variant. People reading this now should probably use one of these newer collations instead of either <code>_unicode_ci</code> or <code>_general_ci</code>. The description of those older collations below is provided for interest only.</p><p>MySQL is currently transitioning away from an older, flawed UTF-8 implementation. For now, you need to use utf8mb4 instead of utf8 for the character encoding part, to ensure you are getting the fixed version. The flawed version remains for backward compatibility, though it is being deprecated.</p><p>Key differences</p><p><code>utf8mb4_unicode_ci</code> is based on the official Unicode rules for universal sorting and comparison, which sorts accurately in a wide range of languages.</p><p><code>utf8mb4_general_ci</code> is a simplified set of sorting rules which aims to do as well as it can while taking many short-cuts designed to improve speed. It does not follow the Unicode rules and will result in undesirable sorting or comparison in some situations, such as when using particular languages or characters.</p><p>On modern servers, this performance boost will be all but negligible. It was devised in a time when servers had a tiny fraction of the CPU performance of today’s computers.</p><p>Benefits of <code>utf8mb4_unicode_ci</code> over <code>utf8mb4_general_ci</code></p><p>utf8mb4_unicode_ci, which uses the Unicode rules for sorting and comparison, employs a fairly complex algorithm for correct sorting in a wide range of languages and when using a wide range of special characters. These rules need to take into account language-specific conventions; not everybody sorts their characters in what we would call ‘alphabetical order’.</p><p>As far as Latin (ie “European”) languages go, there is not much difference between the Unicode sorting and the simplified <code>utf8mb4_general_ci</code>sorting in MySQL, but there are still a few differences:</p><p>For examples, the Unicode collation sorts “ß” like “ss”, and “Œ” like “OE” as people using those characters would normally want, whereas <code>utf8mb4_general_ci</code>sorts them as single characters (presumably like “s” and “e” respectively).</p><p>Some Unicode characters are defined as ignorable, which means they shouldn’t count toward the sort order and the comparison should move on to the next character instead. <code>utf8mb4_unicode_ci</code>handles these properly.</p><p>In non-latin languages, such as Asian languages or languages with different alphabets, there may be a lot more differences between Unicode sorting and the simplified <code>utf8mb4_general_ci</code>sorting. The suitability of <code>utf8mb4_general_ci</code>will depend heavily on the language used. For some languages, it’ll be quite inadequate.</p><p>What should you use?</p><p>There is almost certainly no reason to use <code>utf8mb4_general_ci</code>anymore, as we have left behind the point where CPU speed is low enough that the performance difference would be important. Your database will almost certainly be limited by other bottlenecks than this.</p><p>In the past, some people recommended to use <code>utf8mb4_general_ci</code>except when accurate sorting was going to be important enough to justify the performance cost. Today, that performance cost has all but disappeared, and developers are treating internationalization more seriously.</p><p>There’s an argument to be made that if speed is more important to you than accuracy, you may as well not do any sorting at all. It’s trivial to make an algorithm faster if you do not need it to be accurate. So, <code>utf8mb4_general_ci</code>is a compromise that’s probably not needed for speed reasons and probably also not suitable for accuracy reasons.</p><p>One other thing I’ll add is that even if you know your application only supports the English language, it may still need to deal with people’s names, which can often contain characters used in other languages in which it is just as important to sort correctly. Using the Unicode rules for everything helps add peace of mind that the very smart Unicode people have worked very hard to make sorting work properly.</p><p>What the parts mean</p><p>Firstly, ci is for case-insensitive sorting and comparison. This means it’s suitable for textual data, and case is not important. The other types of collation are cs (case-sensitive) for textual data where case is important, and bin, for where the encoding needs to match, bit for bit, which is suitable for fields which are really encoded binary data (including, for example, Base64). Case-sensitive sorting leads to some weird results and case-sensitive comparison can result in duplicate values differing only in letter case, so case-sensitive collations are falling out of favor for textual data - if case is significant to you, then otherwise ignorable punctuation and so on is probably also significant, and a binary collation might be more appropriate.</p><p>Next, unicode or general refers to the specific sorting and comparison rules - in particular, the way text is normalized or compared. There are many different sets of rules for the utf8mb4 character encoding, with unicode and general being two that attempt to work well in all possible languages rather than one specific one. The differences between these two sets of rules are the subject of this answer. Note that unicode uses rules from Unicode 4.0. Recent versions of MySQL add the rulesets unicode_520 using rules from Unicode 5.2, and 0900 (dropping the “unicode_” part) using rules from Unicode 9.0.</p><p>And lastly, utf8mb4 is of course the character encoding used internally. In this answer I’m talking only about Unicode based encodings.</p><h3 id="翻译"><a href="#翻译" class="headerlink" title="翻译"></a>翻译</h3><p>对于那些在 2020 年或之后仍会遇到这个问题的人，有可能比这两个更好的新选项。例如，<code>utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci</code>。</p><p>所有这些排序规则都用于 UTF-8 字符编码。不同之处在于文本的排序和比较方式。</p><p><code>_unicode_ci</code>和 <code>_general_ci</code>是两组不同的规则，用于按照我们期望的方式对文本进行排序和比较。较新版本的 MySQL 也引入了新的规则集，例如 <code>_0900_ai_ci</code>用于基于 Unicode 9.0 的等效规则 - 并且没有等效的 <code>_general_ci</code>变体。现在阅读本文的人可能应该使用这些较新的排序规则之一，而不是 <code>_unicode_ci</code>或 <code>_general_ci</code>。下面对那些较旧的排序规则的描述仅供参考。</p><p>MySQL 目前正在从旧的、有缺陷的 UTF-8 实现过渡。现在，您需要使用 <code>utf8mb4</code> 而不是 <code>utf8</code>作为字符编码部分，以确保您获得的是固定版本。有缺陷的版本仍然是为了向后兼容，尽管它已被弃用。</p><p>主要区别</p><p><code>utf8mb4_unicode_ci</code>基于官方 Unicode 规则进行通用排序和比较，可在多种语言中准确排序。</p><p><code>utf8mb4_general_ci</code>是一组简化的排序规则，旨在尽其所能，同时采用许多旨在提高速度的捷径。它不遵循 Unicode 规则，并且在某些情况下会导致不希望的排序或比较，例如在使用特定语言或字符时。</p><p>在现代服务器上，这种性能提升几乎可以忽略不计。它是在服务器的 CPU 性能只有当今计算机的一小部分时设计的。</p><p><code>utf8mb4_unicode_ci</code> 相对于 <code>utf8mb4_general_ci</code>的优势</p><p><code>utf8mb4_unicode_ci</code>使用 Unicode 规则进行排序和比较，采用相当复杂的算法在多种语言中以及在使用多种特殊字符时进行正确排序。这些规则需要考虑特定语言的约定；不是每个人都按照我们所说的“字母顺序”对他们的字符进行排序。</p><p>就拉丁语（即“欧洲”）语言而言，Unicode 排序和 MySQL 中简化的 <code>utf8mb4_general_ci</code>排序没有太大区别，但仍有一些区别：</p><p>例如，Unicode 排序规则将“ß”排序为“ss”，将“Œ”排序为“OE”，因为使用这些字符的人通常需要这些字符，而 <code>utf8mb4_general_ci</code>将它们排序为单个字符（大概分别像“s”和“e” ）。</p><p>一些 Unicode 字符被定义为可忽略，这意味着它们不应该计入排序顺序，并且比较应该转到下一个字符。 <code>utf8mb4_unicode_ci</code>正确处理这些。</p><p>在非拉丁语言中，例如亚洲语言或具有不同字母的语言，Unicode 排序和简化的 <code>utf8mb4_general_ci</code>排序之间可能存在更多差异。 <code>utf8mb4_general_ci</code>的适用性在很大程度上取决于所使用的语言。对于某些语言，这将是非常不充分的。</p><p>你应该用什么？</p><p>几乎可以肯定没有理由再使用 <code>utf8mb4_general_ci</code>，因为我们已经将 CPU 速度低到会严重影响性能表现的时代远抛在脑后了。您的数据库几乎肯定会受到除此之外的其他瓶颈的限制。</p><p>过去，有些人建议使用 <code>utf8mb4_general_ci</code>，除非准确排序足够重要以证明性能成本是合理的。如今，这种性能成本几乎消失了，开发人员正在更加认真地对待国际化。</p><p>有一个论点是，如果速度对您来说比准确性更重要，那么您可能根本不进行任何排序。如果您不需要准确的算法，那么使算法更快是微不足道的。因此，<code>utf8mb4_general_ci</code>是一种折衷方案，出于速度原因可能不需要，也可能出于准确性原因也不适合。</p><p>我要补充的另一件事是，即使您知道您的应用程序仅支持英语，它可能仍需要处理人名，这些人名通常包含其他语言中使用的字符，在这些语言中正确排序同样重要.对所有事情都使用 Unicode 规则有助于让您更加安心，因为非常聪明的 Unicode 人员已经非常努力地工作以使排序正常工作。</p><p>其余各个部分是什么意思</p><p>首先， <code>ci</code> 用于不区分大小写的排序和比较。这意味着它适用于文本数据，大小写并不重要。其他类型的排序规则是 <code>cs</code>（区分大小写），用于区分大小写的文本数据，以及 <code>bin</code>，用于编码需要匹配的地方，逐位匹配，适用于真正编码二进制数据的字段（包括，用于例如，Base64）。区分大小写的排序会导致一些奇怪的结果，区分大小写的比较可能会导致重复值仅在字母大小写上有所不同，因此区分大小写的排序规则对文本数据不受欢迎 - 如果大小写对您很重要，那么标点符号就可以忽略等等可能也很重要，二进制排序规则可能更合适。</p><p>接下来，unicode 或general 指的是具体的排序和比较规则——特别是文本被规范化或比较的方式。 utf8mb4 字符编码有许多不同的规则集，其中 unicode 和 general 是两种，它们试图在所有可能的语言中都很好地工作，而不是在一种特定的语言中。这两组规则之间的差异是此答案的主题。请注意，unicode 使用 Unicode 4.0 中的规则。 MySQL 的最新版本使用 Unicode 5.2 的规则添加规则集 unicode_520，使用 Unicode 9.0 的规则添加 0900（删除“unicode_”部分）。</p><p>最后，utf8mb4 当然是内部使用的字符编码。在这个答案中，我只谈论基于 Unicode 的编码。</p><h1 id="utf8-和-utf8mb4-编码有什么区别"><a href="#utf8-和-utf8mb4-编码有什么区别" class="headerlink" title="utf8 和 utf8mb4 编码有什么区别"></a>utf8 和 utf8mb4 编码有什么区别</h1><h3 id="原文-1"><a href="#原文-1" class="headerlink" title="原文"></a><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/30074492/what-is-the-difference-between-utf8mb4-and-utf8-charsets-in-mysql">原文</a></h3><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8">UTF-8</a>is a variable-length encoding. In the case of UTF-8, this means that storing one code point requires one to four bytes. However, MySQL’s encoding called “utf8” (alias of “utf8mb3”) only stores a maximum of three bytes per code point.</p><p>So the character set “utf8”&#x2F;“utf8mb3” cannot store all Unicode code points: it only supports the range 0x000 to 0xFFFF, which is called the “<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plane_%28Unicode%29#Basic_Multilingual_Plane">Basic Multilingual Plane</a>“. See also <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Unicode_encodings#In_detail">Comparison of Unicode encodings</a>.</p><p>This is what (a previous version of the same page at)<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/charset-unicode-utf8mb4.html">the MySQL documentation</a>has to say about it:</p><blockquote><p>The character set named utf8[&#x2F;utf8mb3] uses a maximum of three bytes per character and contains only BMP characters. As of MySQL 5.5.3, the utf8mb4 character set uses a maximum of four bytes per character supports supplemental characters:</p><ul><li>For a BMP character, utf8[&#x2F;utf8mb3] and utf8mb4 have identical storage characteristics: same code values, same encoding, same length.</li><li>For a supplementary character, <strong>utf8[&#x2F;utf8mb3] cannot store the character at all</strong>, while utf8mb4 requires four bytes to store it. Since utf8[&#x2F;utf8mb3] cannot store the character at all, you do not have any supplementary characters in utf8[&#x2F;utf8mb3] columns and you need not worry about converting characters or losing data when upgrading utf8[&#x2F;utf8mb3] data from older versions of MySQL.</li></ul></blockquote><p>So if you want your column to support storing characters lying outside the BMP (and you usually want to), such as <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emoji">emoji</a>, use “utf8mb4”. See also <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5567249/what-are-the-most-common-non-bmp-unicode-characters-in-actual-use">What are the most common non-BMP Unicode characters in actual use?</a>.</p><h3 id="译文"><a href="#译文" class="headerlink" title="译文"></a>译文</h3><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8">UTF-8</a> 是一种可变长度编码。对于 UTF-8，这意味着存储一个代码点需要一到四个字节。但是，MySQL 的编码称为“utf8”（“utf8mb3”的别名）每个代码点最多只能存储三个字节。</p><p>所以字符集“utf8”&#x2F;“utf8mb3”不能存储所有的Unicode码位：它只支持0x000到0xFFFF的范围，被称为“<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plane_%28Unicode%29#Basic_Multilingual_Plane">基本多语言平面</a>”。另请参阅 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Unicode_encodings#In_detail">Unicode 编码比较</a>。</p><p>这就是（同一页面的先前版本）<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/charset-unicode-utf8mb4.html">MySQL 文档</a> 不得不说的：</p><blockquote><p>名为 utf8[&#x2F;utf8mb3] 的字符集每个字符最多使用三个字节，并且仅包含 BMP 字符。从 MySQL 5.5.3 开始，utf8mb4 字符集每个字符最多使用四个字节，支持补充字符：</p><ul><li>对于 BMP 字符，utf8[&#x2F;utf8mb3] 和 utf8mb4 具有相同的存储特性：相同的代码值、相同的编码、相同的长度。</li><li>对于补充字符，<strong>utf8[&#x2F;utf8mb3] 根本无法存储该字符</strong>，而 utf8mb4 需要四个字节来存储它。由于 utf8[&#x2F;utf8mb3] 根本无法存储字符，因此您在 utf8[&#x2F;utf8mb3] 列中没有任何补充字符，您不必担心从旧版本升级 utf8[&#x2F;utf8mb3] 数据时转换字符或丢失数据mysql。</li></ul></blockquote><p>因此，如果您希望您的列支持存储位于 BMP 之外的字符（并且您通常希望这样做），例如 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emoji">emoji</a>，请使用“utf8mb4”。另请参阅</p><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5567249/what-are-the-most-common-non-bmp-unicode-characters-in-actual-use">实际使用中最常见的非 BMP Unicode 字符是什么？</a> 。</p></div><footer class="post-footer"><div class="post-eof"></div></footer></article></div><nav class="pagination"><a class="extend prev" rel="prev" title="上一页" aria-label="上一页" href="/page/10/"><i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i></a><a class="page-number" href="/">1</a><span class="space">&hellip;</span><a class="page-number" href="/page/10/">10</a><span class="page-number current">11</span><a class="page-number" href="/page/12/">12</a><span class="space">&hellip;</span><a class="page-number" href="/page/39/">39</a><a class="extend next" rel="next" title="下一页" aria-label="下一页" href="/page/12/"><i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i></a></nav></div></main><footer class="footer"><div class="footer-inner"><div class="beian"><a href="https://beian.miit.gov.cn/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">浙ICP备16002580号-2 </a><img src="/uploads/beian.png" alt=""><a href="http://www.beian.gov.cn/portal/registerSystemInfo?recordcode=33010602011094" rel="noopener" target="_blank">浙公网安备 33010602011094号</a></div><div class="copyright">&copy; 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