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137 KiB
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Theme: Default
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Description: Original highlight.js style
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License: see project LICENSE
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Touched: 2021
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rel=tag>Mybatis</a><span class=tag-list-count>13</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Mysql/ rel=tag>Mysql</a><span class=tag-list-count>13</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/NameServer/ rel=tag>NameServer</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/PHP/ rel=tag>PHP</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Preorder-Traversal/ rel=tag>Preorder Traversal</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Print-FooBar-Alternately/ rel=tag>Print FooBar Alternately</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/RPC/ rel=tag>RPC</a><span class=tag-list-count>4</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Redis/ rel=tag>Redis</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Remove-Duplicates-from-Sorted-List/ rel=tag>Remove Duplicates from Sorted List</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/RocketMQ/ rel=tag>RocketMQ</a><span class=tag-list-count>9</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Rotate-Image/ rel=tag>Rotate Image</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Rust/ rel=tag>Rust</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/SPI/ rel=tag>SPI</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Servlet/ rel=tag>Servlet</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Sharding-Jdbc/ rel=tag>Sharding-Jdbc</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Shift-2D-Grid/ rel=tag>Shift 2D Grid</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Singleton/ rel=tag>Singleton</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Spring/ rel=tag>Spring</a><span class=tag-list-count>7</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Spring-Event/ rel=tag>Spring Event</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/SpringBoot/ rel=tag>SpringBoot</a><span class=tag-list-count>22</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Sql%E6%B3%A8%E5%85%A5/ rel=tag>Sql注入</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Stream/ rel=tag>Stream</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Synchronized/ rel=tag>Synchronized</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Thread-dump/ rel=tag>Thread dump</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/ThreadLocal/ rel=tag>ThreadLocal</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/ThreadPool/ rel=tag>ThreadPool</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Tomcat/ rel=tag>Tomcat</a><span class=tag-list-count>13</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Trapping-Rain-Water/ rel=tag>Trapping Rain Water</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/WeakReference/ rel=tag>WeakReference</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Web/ rel=tag>Web</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Webhook/ rel=tag>Webhook</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/Windows/ rel=tag>Windows</a><span class=tag-list-count>5</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/WordPress/ rel=tag>WordPress</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/aqs/ rel=tag>aqs</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/await/ rel=tag>await</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/bloom-filter/ rel=tag>bloom filter</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/c/ rel=tag>c++</a><span class=tag-list-count>14</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/cglib/ rel=tag>cglib</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/cgroup/ rel=tag>cgroup</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/cluster/ rel=tag>cluster</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/condition/ rel=tag>condition</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/dnsmasq/ rel=tag>dnsmasq</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/docker/ rel=tag>docker</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/dp/ rel=tag>dp</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/dubbo/ rel=tag>dubbo</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/echo/ rel=tag>echo</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/environment/ rel=tag>environment</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/gap-lock/ rel=tag>gap lock</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/gc/ rel=tag>gc</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/git/ rel=tag>git</a><span class=tag-list-count>4</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/grep/ rel=tag>grep</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/hadoop/ rel=tag>hadoop</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/headscale/ rel=tag>headscale</a><span class=tag-list-count>6</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/hexo/ rel=tag>hexo</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/http/ rel=tag>http</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/icu4c/ rel=tag>icu4c</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/im/ rel=tag>im</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/is-not-null/ rel=tag>is not null</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/is-null/ rel=tag>is null</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/j-u-c/ rel=tag>j.u.c</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/java/ rel=tag>java</a><span class=tag-list-count>54</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/jvm/ rel=tag>jvm</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/leetcode/ rel=tag>leetcode</a><span class=tag-list-count>44</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/leetcode-155/ rel=tag>leetcode 155</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/linked-list/ rel=tag>linked list</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/linux/ rel=tag>linux</a><span class=tag-list-count>7</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/lock/ rel=tag>lock</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/mac/ rel=tag>mac</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/mfc/ rel=tag>mfc</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/min-stack/ rel=tag>min stack</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/mq/ rel=tag>mq</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/mvcc/ rel=tag>mvcc</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/mysql/ rel=tag>mysql</a><span class=tag-list-count>8</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/namespace/ rel=tag>namespace</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/nas/ rel=tag>nas</a><span class=tag-list-count>6</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/next-key-lock/ rel=tag>next-key lock</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/nginx/ rel=tag>nginx</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/nullsfirst/ rel=tag>nullsfirst</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/openresty/ rel=tag>openresty</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/openwrt/ rel=tag>openwrt</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/php/ rel=tag>php</a><span class=tag-list-count>6</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/powershell/ rel=tag>powershell</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/procedure/ rel=tag>procedure</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/python/ rel=tag>python</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/read-view/ rel=tag>read view</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/redis/ rel=tag>redis</a><span class=tag-list-count>12</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/scp/ rel=tag>scp</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/signal/ rel=tag>signal</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/sort/ rel=tag>sort</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/spark/ rel=tag>spark</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/ssh/ rel=tag>ssh</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/stack/ rel=tag>stack</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/stream/ rel=tag>stream</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/string/ rel=tag>string</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/swoole/ rel=tag>swoole</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/top/ rel=tag>top</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/trace/ rel=tag>trace</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/uname/ rel=tag>uname</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/unlock/ rel=tag>unlock</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/utf8/ rel=tag>utf8</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/utf8mb4/ rel=tag>utf8mb4</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/utf8mb4-0900-ai-ci/ rel=tag>utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/utf8mb4-general-ci/ rel=tag>utf8mb4_general_ci</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/utf8mb4-unicode-ci/ rel=tag>utf8mb4_unicode_ci</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/value/ rel=tag>value</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/websocket/ rel=tag>websocket</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/windows/ rel=tag>windows</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/wsl/ rel=tag>wsl</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/zookeeper/ rel=tag>zookeeper</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/zsh/ rel=tag>zsh</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E4%B8%89%E9%98%B6%E6%AE%B5%E6%8F%90%E4%BA%A4/ rel=tag>三阶段提交</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E4%B8%8D%E5%8F%AF%E5%8F%98%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8/ rel=tag>不可变引用</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E4%B8%9C%E4%BA%AC%E5%A5%A5%E8%BF%90%E4%BC%9A/ rel=tag>东京奥运会</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E4%B8%A4%E9%98%B6%E6%AE%B5%E6%8F%90%E4%BA%A4/ rel=tag>两阶段提交</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1%E8%B7%AF/ rel=tag>中山路</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%8F/ rel=tag>中序</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E4%B8%AD%E9%97%B4%E4%BB%B6/ rel=tag>中间件</a><span class=tag-list-count>4</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E4%B8%BE%E9%87%8D/ rel=tag>举重</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E4%B9%92%E4%B9%93%E7%90%83/ rel=tag>乒乓球</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E4%BA%8B%E5%8A%A1/ rel=tag>事务</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%89%E6%A0%91/ rel=tag>二叉树</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E4%BA%91%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8/ rel=tag>云服务器</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E4%BA%92%E6%96%A5%E9%94%81/ rel=tag>互斥锁</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E9%A2%98%E8%A7%A3/ rel=tag>代码题解</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E4%BF%AE%E7%94%B5%E8%84%91%E7%9A%84/ rel=tag>修电脑的</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%81%8F%E5%90%91%E9%94%81/ rel=tag>偏向锁</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E7%A0%81/ rel=tag>健康码</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%85%AC%E4%BA%A4/ rel=tag>公交</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%85%AC%E4%BA%A4%E8%BD%A6/ rel=tag>公交车</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%86%85%E5%AD%98%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83/ rel=tag>内存分布</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%86%85%E5%AD%98%E6%B3%84%E6%BC%8F/ rel=tag>内存泄漏</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%87%86%E5%A4%87/ rel=tag>准备</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%87%8F%E8%82%A5/ rel=tag>减肥</a><span class=tag-list-count>7</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E5%BC%8F%E4%BA%8B%E5%8A%A1/ rel=tag>分布式事务</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E5%BC%8F%E9%94%81/ rel=tag>分布式锁</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%88%87%E7%89%87/ rel=tag>切片</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96/ rel=tag>初始化</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%89%8A%E5%B3%B0%E5%A1%AB%E8%B0%B7/ rel=tag>削峰填谷</a><span class=tag-list-count>4</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%89%8D%E5%BA%8F/ rel=tag>前序</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%8A%A0%E5%A1%9E/ rel=tag>加塞</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%8A%A0%E8%BD%BD/ rel=tag>加载</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%8D%95%E4%BE%8B/ rel=tag>单例</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%8D%9A%E5%AE%A2%EF%BC%8C%E6%96%87%E7%AB%A0/ rel=tag>博客，文章</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%8E%A6%E9%97%A8/ rel=tag>厦门</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%8F%8C%E4%BA%B2%E5%A7%94%E6%B4%BE/ rel=tag>双亲委派</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%8F%91%E8%A1%8C%E7%89%88/ rel=tag>发行版</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%8F%A3%E7%BD%A9/ rel=tag>口罩</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%8F%AF%E5%8F%98%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8/ rel=tag>可变引用</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%90%90%E6%A7%BD/ rel=tag>吐槽</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%9B%A4%E7%89%A9%E8%B5%84/ rel=tag>囤物资</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%9E%83%E5%9C%BE%E5%9B%9E%E6%94%B6/ rel=tag>垃圾回收</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E8%AE%BE%E6%96%BD/ rel=tag>基础设施</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%A4%A7%E6%89%AB%E9%99%A4/ rel=tag>大扫除</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%AD%97%E7%AC%A6%E9%9B%86/ rel=tag>字符集</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8/ rel=tag>安全</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%AE%B9%E9%94%99%E6%9C%BA%E5%88%B6/ rel=tag>容错机制</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%AF%84%E7%94%9F%E8%99%AB/ rel=tag>寄生虫</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%B0%84%E5%87%BB/ rel=tag>射击</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%B0%8F%E6%8A%80%E5%B7%A7/ rel=tag>小技巧</a><span class=tag-list-count>10</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%B1%80%E5%8F%A3%E8%A1%97/ rel=tag>局口街</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7/ rel=tag>工具</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%B8%83%E9%9A%86%E8%BF%87%E6%BB%A4%E5%99%A8/ rel=tag>布隆过滤器</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%B9%B2%E6%B4%BB/ rel=tag>干活</a><span class=tag-list-count>6</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93/ rel=tag>年中总结</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%B9%B4%E7%BB%88%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93/ rel=tag>年终总结</a><span class=tag-list-count>4</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%B9%B6%E5%8F%91/ rel=tag>并发</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%B9%B8%E7%A6%8F%E4%BA%86%E5%90%97/ rel=tag>幸福了吗</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%B9%BB%E8%AF%BB/ rel=tag>幻读</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8/ rel=tag>应用</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%BC%80%E8%BD%A6/ rel=tag>开车</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%BC%B1%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8/ rel=tag>弱引用</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E5%BD%B1%E8%AF%84/ rel=tag>影评</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%81%B6%E6%84%8F%E7%9B%97%E5%88%B7/ rel=tag>恶意盗刷</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%89%80%E6%9C%89%E6%9D%83/ rel=tag>所有权</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%89%93%E5%8D%A1/ rel=tag>打卡</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%89%B6%E6%A2%AF/ rel=tag>扶梯</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%8A%80%E5%B7%A7/ rel=tag>技巧</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/ rel=tag>技术</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%8A%98%E8%85%BE/ rel=tag>折腾</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%8B%96%E6%9B%B4/ rel=tag>拖更</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%8D%A2%E8%BD%A6%E7%89%8C/ rel=tag>换车牌</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%8E%92%E5%BA%8F/ rel=tag>排序</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%8E%A5%E9%9B%A8%E6%B0%B4/ rel=tag>接雨水</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%BA%90%E5%8A%A8%E6%80%81%E5%88%87%E6%8D%A2/ rel=tag>数据源动态切换</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84/ rel=tag>数据结构</a><span class=tag-list-count>11</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%96%B0%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80/ rel=tag>新语言</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%97%85%E6%B8%B8/ rel=tag>旅游</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%97%A5%E5%BF%97/ rel=tag>日志</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%9B%BE%E5%8E%9D%E5%9E%B5/ rel=tag>曾厝垵</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%9C%80%E5%B0%8F%E6%A0%88/ rel=tag>最小栈</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%9D%80%E4%BA%BA%E8%AF%9B%E5%BF%83/ rel=tag>杀人诛心</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%9D%AD%E5%B7%9E/ rel=tag>杭州</a><span class=tag-list-count>4</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%A0%87%E8%AE%B0%E6%95%B4%E7%90%86/ rel=tag>标记整理</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%9B%AD/ rel=tag>植物园</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%B2%99%E8%8C%B6%E9%9D%A2/ rel=tag>沙茶面</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%B3%A8%E8%A7%A3/ rel=tag>注解</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%B5%B7%E8%9B%8E%E7%85%8E/ rel=tag>海蛎煎</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%B6%88%E6%81%AF%E9%98%9F%E5%88%97/ rel=tag>消息队列</a><span class=tag-list-count>9</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%B7%98%E6%B1%B0%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5/ rel=tag>淘汰策略</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%B7%B1%E5%BA%A6%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/ rel=tag>深度学习</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%BA%90%E7%A0%81/ rel=tag>源码</a><span class=tag-list-count>11</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E6%BA%90%E7%A0%81%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90/ rel=tag>源码解析</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB/ rel=tag>生活</a><span class=tag-list-count>42</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E7%94%B5%E7%93%B6%E8%BD%A6/ rel=tag>电瓶车</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E7%96%AB%E6%83%85/ rel=tag>疫情</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E7%9C%8B%E4%B9%A6/ rel=tag>看书</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E7%9C%8B%E5%89%A7/ rel=tag>看剧</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E7%9F%A9%E9%98%B5/ rel=tag>矩阵</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E7%AB%AF%E5%8F%A3%E8%BD%AC%E5%8F%91/ rel=tag>端口转发</a><span class=tag-list-count>3</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E7%AE%97%E6%B3%95/ rel=tag>算法</a><span class=tag-list-count>5</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E7%B1%BB%E5%8A%A0%E8%BD%BD/ rel=tag>类加载</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E7%B3%9F%E5%BF%83%E4%BA%8B/ rel=tag>糟心事</a><span class=tag-list-count>5</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95/ rel=tag>索引</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E7%BA%BF%E7%A8%8B%E6%B1%A0/ rel=tag>线程池</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E7%BC%93%E5%AD%98/ rel=tag>缓存</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E7%BC%93%E5%AD%98%E5%87%BB%E7%A9%BF/ rel=tag>缓存击穿</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E7%BC%93%E5%AD%98%E7%A9%BF%E9%80%8F/ rel=tag>缓存穿透</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E7%BC%93%E5%AD%98%E9%9B%AA%E5%B4%A9/ rel=tag>缓存雪崩</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E7%BC%96%E7%A0%81/ rel=tag>编码</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD/ rel=tag>美国</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%80%81%E7%94%B5%E8%84%91/ rel=tag>老电脑</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E8%A3%85%E9%85%8D/ rel=tag>自动装配</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%87%AA%E6%97%8B/ rel=tag>自旋</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%87%AA%E9%80%82%E5%BA%94%E6%8B%93%E5%B1%95/ rel=tag>自适应拓展</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%A3%85%E7%94%B5%E8%84%91/ rel=tag>装电脑</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%A7%84%E5%88%99/ rel=tag>规则</a><span class=tag-list-count>4</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%A7%A3%E6%9E%90/ rel=tag>解析</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F/ rel=tag>设计模式</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%AF%BB%E4%B9%A6/ rel=tag>读书</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%AF%BB%E5%90%8E%E6%84%9F/ rel=tag>读后感</a><span class=tag-list-count>4</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%B4%9F%E8%BD%BD%E5%9D%87%E8%A1%A1/ rel=tag>负载均衡</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83/ rel=tag>足球</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%B7%91%E6%AD%A5/ rel=tag>跑步</a><span class=tag-list-count>7</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%B7%AF%E6%94%BF%E8%A7%84%E5%88%92/ rel=tag>路政规划</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1%E5%99%A8/ rel=tag>路由器</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%B7%B3%E6%B0%B4/ rel=tag>跳水</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%B8%A9%E8%B8%8F/ rel=tag>踩踏</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%BD%AC%E4%B9%89/ rel=tag>转义</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%BD%BB%E9%87%8F%E7%BA%A7%E9%94%81/ rel=tag>轻量级锁</a><span class=tag-list-count>2</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%BF%87%E6%9C%9F%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5/ rel=tag>过期策略</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8/ rel=tag>运动</a><span class=tag-list-count>9</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E8%BF%9C%E7%A8%8B%E5%8A%9E%E5%85%AC/ rel=tag>远程办公</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li class=tag-list-item><a class=tag-list-link href=/tags/%E9%80%92%E5%BD%92/ rel=tag>递归</a><span class=tag-list-count>1</span><li 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itemtype=http://schema.org/Organization><meta content="Nicksxs's Blog" itemprop=name><meta content="learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森" itemprop=description></span><span hidden itemprop=post itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/CreativeWork><meta content="undefined | Nicksxs's Blog" itemprop=name><meta itemprop=description></span><header class=post-header><h2 itemprop="name headline" class=post-title><a class=post-title-link href=/2024/04/21/%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E4%B8%8BLlamaIndex-%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E7%AF%87/ itemprop=url>学习下LlamaIndex-初始篇</a></h2><div class=post-meta-container><div class=post-meta><span class=post-meta-item><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-calendar"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>发表于</span> <time itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" title="创建时间：2024-04-21 22:00:56" datetime=2024-04-21T22:00:56+08:00>2024-04-21</time> </span><span class=post-meta-item><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-folder"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>分类于</span> <span itemprop=about itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Thing><a href=/categories/LLM/ itemprop=url rel=index><span itemprop=name>LLM</span></a> </span></span><span class="post-meta-item leancloud_visitors" data-flag-title=学习下LlamaIndex-初始篇 id=/2024/04/21/%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E4%B8%8BLlamaIndex-%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E7%AF%87/ title=阅读次数><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-eye"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>阅读次数：</span> <span class=leancloud-visitors-count></span> </span><span class=post-meta-item><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-comment"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>Disqus：</span> <a href=/2024/04/21/%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E4%B8%8BLlamaIndex-%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E7%AF%87/#disqus_thread itemprop=discussionUrl title=disqus><span class="post-comments-count disqus-comment-count" data-disqus-identifier=2024/04/21/学习下LlamaIndex-初始篇/ itemprop=commentCount></span></a></span></div></div></header><div class=post-body itemprop=articleBody><p>LlamaIndex 是目前比较新的大模型RAG框架，RAG是指 检索增强生成 (Retrieval-Augmented Generation, RAG)是指在利用大语言模型回答问题之前，先从外部知识库检索相关信息。RAG 被证明能显著提升答案的准确性，并特别是在知识密集型任务上减少模型的错误输出。通过引用信息来源，用户可以核实答案的准确性，从而增强对模型输出的信任。<br>此外，RAG 有助于快速更新知识并引入特定领域的专业知识。<br>RAG 有效结合了大语言模型的参数化知识和非参数化的外部知识库，成为实施大语言模型的关键方法之一。本文概述了 RAG 在大语言模型时代的发展模式，总结了三种模式：初级 RAG、高级 RAG 和模块化 RAG。<br>首先我们可以了解下LlamaIndex的几大模块，<br>使用大型语言模型(LLMs):无论是OpenAI还是任何托管的LLM,亦或是您自己本地运行的模型,LLM都被用于从索引和存储到查询和解析数据的每一个步骤。LlamaIndex提供了大量可靠经过测试的提示,我们也将向您展示如何自定义您自己的提示。<br>LlamaIndex 主要有这五大块能力<ul><li>Data connectors<li>Data indexes<li>Engines<li>Data agents<li>Application integrations<br><img data-src=https://img.nicksxs.com/blog/kFxOqW.png></ul><p>其中加载部分可以认为是初始的部分，我们可以从各个数据源去获取信息，比如各种文档，或者confluence，甚至api接口，只需要合适的数据加载器，我们就能将其转化为我们要的数据<br>比如我想要将我博客里的Markdown文件作为知识库加载<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class=gutter><pre><span class=line>1</span><br><span class=line>2</span><br><span class=line>3</span><br><span class=line>4</span><br><span class=line>5</span><br><span class=line>6</span><br></pre><td class=code><pre><span class=line>reader = SimpleDirectoryReader(</span><br><span class=line> input_dir=<span class=string>"./somedir/source/_posts/"</span>,</span><br><span class=line> required_exts=[<span class=string>".md"</span>],</span><br><span class=line> recursive=<span class=literal>True</span></span><br><span class=line>)</span><br><span class=line>docs = reader.load_data()</span><br></pre></table></figure><p>然后由文档来就构建我们的索引<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class=gutter><pre><span class=line>1</span><br></pre><td class=code><pre><span class=line>index = VectorStoreIndex.from_documents(docs)</span><br></pre></table></figure><p>但是这里我们需要提前设置好对应的 embedding 模型，这个很重要，如果有条件推荐使用OpenAI的，如果想用本地的可以考虑使用BAAI智源出品的，只是要注意是否支持多语言，如果要使用本地embedding的话需要安装<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class=gutter><pre><span class=line>1</span><br></pre><td class=code><pre><span class=line>pip install llama-index-embeddings-huggingface</span><br></pre></table></figure><p>这里我选了BAAI也就是智源研究所的bge-m3模型，因为这个是支持多语言的，如果是纯英文的可以用他们 <code>BAAI/bge-small-en-v1.5</code><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class=gutter><pre><span class=line>1</span><br><span class=line>2</span><br><span class=line>3</span><br><span class=line>4</span><br><span class=line>5</span><br><span class=line>6</span><br><span class=line>7</span><br><span class=line>8</span><br><span class=line>9</span><br><span class=line>10</span><br></pre><td class=code><pre><span class=line><span class=keyword>from</span> llama_index.core <span class=keyword>import</span> Settings</span><br><span class=line><span class=keyword>from</span> llama_index.embeddings.huggingface <span class=keyword>import</span> HuggingFaceEmbedding</span><br><span class=line>Settings.llm = Ollama(model=<span class=string>"gemma:7b"</span>, request_timeout=<span class=number>60.0</span>)</span><br><span class=line>Settings.embed_model = HuggingFaceEmbedding(</span><br><span class=line> model_name=<span class=string>"BAAI/bge-m3"</span></span><br><span class=line>)</span><br><span class=line>index = VectorStoreIndex.from_documents(docs)</span><br><span class=line>query_engine = index.as_query_engine(llm=gemma_7b)</span><br><span class=line>response = query_engine.query(<span class=string>"数据库主从延迟"</span>)</span><br><span class=line><span class=built_in>print</span>(response)</span><br></pre></table></figure><p>另外LLM 我使用了本地部署的 <code>gemma:7b</code>，因为想尝试下本地的链路，需要注意的是一些文档还是用的原来的service_context，在新版本中这个已经被改掉了，都是通过 Settings 来设置，此外还有诸如 <code>SimpleDirectoryReader</code> 这些包也被挪到了 <code>llama_index.core</code> 中，需要注意下<br>然后我们就能使用这种方式来增强LLM，把我们的本地文档作为知识库来搜索，结合了大模型的能力。</div><footer class=post-footer><div class=post-eof></div></footer></article></div><div class=post-block><article class=post-content itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Article><link href=https://nicksxs.me/2024/04/14/Headscale%E4%B8%8B%E7%AF%87-%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E4%B8%AD%E8%BD%ACderper/ itemprop=mainEntityOfPage><span hidden itemprop=author itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Person><meta content=/uploads/avatar.jpg itemprop=image><meta content=Nicksxs itemprop=name></span><span hidden itemprop=publisher itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Organization><meta content="Nicksxs's Blog" itemprop=name><meta content="learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森" itemprop=description></span><span hidden itemprop=post itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/CreativeWork><meta content="undefined | Nicksxs's Blog" itemprop=name><meta itemprop=description></span><header class=post-header><h2 itemprop="name headline" class=post-title><a class=post-title-link href=/2024/04/14/Headscale%E4%B8%8B%E7%AF%87-%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E4%B8%AD%E8%BD%ACderper/ itemprop=url>Headscale下篇-自定义中转derper</a></h2><div class=post-meta-container><div class=post-meta><span class=post-meta-item><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-calendar"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>发表于</span> <time itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" title="创建时间：2024-04-14 19:45:29" datetime=2024-04-14T19:45:29+08:00>2024-04-14</time> </span><span class=post-meta-item><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-folder"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>分类于</span> <span itemprop=about itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Thing><a href=/categories/headscale/ itemprop=url rel=index><span itemprop=name>headscale</span></a> </span></span><span class="post-meta-item leancloud_visitors" data-flag-title=Headscale下篇-自定义中转derper id=/2024/04/14/Headscale%E4%B8%8B%E7%AF%87-%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E4%B8%AD%E8%BD%ACderper/ title=阅读次数><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-eye"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>阅读次数：</span> <span class=leancloud-visitors-count></span> </span><span class=post-meta-item><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-comment"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>Disqus：</span> <a href=/2024/04/14/Headscale%E4%B8%8B%E7%AF%87-%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E4%B8%AD%E8%BD%ACderper/#disqus_thread itemprop=discussionUrl title=disqus><span class="post-comments-count disqus-comment-count" data-disqus-identifier=2024/04/14/Headscale下篇-自定义中转derper/ itemprop=commentCount></span></a></span></div></div></header><div class=post-body itemprop=articleBody><p>derper是 tailscale 已经开源的 tailscale 中转服务，可以进行自己搭建，不然就是使用 tailscale 提供的 derper 节点，我的体验是在晚上高峰期会比较卡，所以有能力可以自建的话也是比较推荐的，不过相对比前面的设置会麻烦点<p>第一个就是默认这个是需要 https 的，所以需要给 derper 服务申请个域名，或者有了域名就加个解析，比如 dp.hello.com，申请完域名就需要申请证书了，这个刚好就学习下使用 acme.sh这个工具，还是非常不错的，我用的是腾讯云的域名解析服务，其实是收购的 dnspod 的服务，acme.sh 安装就很简单，一条命令<p>`<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class=gutter><pre><span class=line>1</span><br></pre><td class=code><pre><span class=line>curl https://get.acme.sh | sh</span><br></pre></table></figure><p>然后成功了之后就要把<code>.zshrc</code> 生效下，默认会把脚本路径加入到当前的 shell 的 rc 文件里，然后就是申请证书，但是有两种方式，一种就是在域名指定的 ip 机器对应的访问路径下放置验证的文件<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class=gutter><pre><span class=line>1</span><br></pre><td class=code><pre><span class=line>acme.sh --issue -d domain.tld -d www.domain.tld --webroot /home/wwwroot/domain.tld/</span><br></pre></table></figure><p>比如这样指定 webroot，另一个中更方便的方式就是通过 dns 认证的方式，我这边以 dnspod 举例，这边要特别注意的是 dnspod 虽然被腾讯云收购，但是这个方式还是需要用 dnspod 原来自己的 api token 验证的<p><img data-src=https://img.nicksxs.com/blog/SbFDCl.png><p>然后拿到生成的 id 跟 token 设置到环境变量里，需要保存好这个 token，后面是看不到了的<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class=gutter><pre><span class=line>1</span><br><span class=line>2</span><br></pre><td class=code><pre><span class=line><span class=built_in>export</span> DP_Id=123456</span><br><span class=line><span class=built_in>export</span> DP_Key=xxxxxx</span><br></pre></table></figure><p>然后就可以用命令进行验证了<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class=gutter><pre><span class=line>1</span><br></pre><td class=code><pre><span class=line>acme.sh --issue --dns dns_dp -d xxx.hello.com</span><br></pre></table></figure><p>这个是 dnspod 家的，其他的也可以在<a href=https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi#dns_dp rel=noopener target=_blank>这里</a>找到验证方式<p>申请完成后会把证书放在用户目录下的<code>.acme.sh</code> 目录中，记得把cer文件改成 crt，并且文件名只能是域名 xxx.hello.com.crt，我没试过其他的行不行，从别的文章里看到需要一致，然后就是启动 derper 了<p>我们通过 docker 的方式，<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class=gutter><pre><span class=line>1</span><br><span class=line>2</span><br><span class=line>3</span><br><span class=line>4</span><br><span class=line>5</span><br><span class=line>6</span><br><span class=line>7</span><br><span class=line>8</span><br><span class=line>9</span><br></pre><td class=code><pre><span class=line>sudo docker run --restart always \</span><br><span class=line> --name derper -p 12345:12345 -p 3478:3478/udp \</span><br><span class=line> -v /<span class=variable>$dir</span>/.acme.sh/xxxxx.hello.com_ecc/:/app/certs \</span><br><span class=line> -v /run/tailscale/tailscaled.sock:/var/run/tailscale/tailscaled.sock \</span><br><span class=line> -e DERP_CERT_MODE=manual \</span><br><span class=line> -e DERP_ADDR=:12345 \</span><br><span class=line> -e DERP_DOMAIN=xxxxx.hello.com \</span><br><span class=line> -e DERP_VERIFY_CLIENTS=<span class=literal>true</span> \</span><br><span class=line> -d ghcr.io/yangchuansheng/derper:latest</span><br></pre></table></figure><p> 前一个端口 12345可以自己随意定，后面$dir改成自己的.acme.sh目录所在的路径，然后<p><code>-v /run/tailscale/tailscaled.sock:/var/run/tailscale/tailscaled.sock \</code> 这一行 和<code>-e DERP_VERIFY_CLIENTS=true \</code> 是为了能够让 derper 能够安全一些，就是在本机开一个 tailscale 客户端，连接接到 headscale 服务，可以参考前面的<a href=https://nicksxs.me/2023/07/09/headscale-%E6%B7%BB%E5%8A%A0%E8%8A%82%E7%82%B9/>添加节点</a>，然后把这个启动客户端的进程映射进docker里面，因为本身 derper 就没有特别的认证逻辑，所以就让同一个headscale服务的客户端进程来验证是属于同一个headscale服务的节点才允许加入中转，实际这样就跑起来了一个 derper 服务这样可以用 docker 命令查看日志<p><code>sudo docker logs -f derper</code> 查看是不是有问题，然后如果没有问题的话还不一定代表 derper 起来了，比较直接的方法就是直接打开域名加上端口的地址，比如 xxxx.hello.com:12345 这个,<p><img alt=image data-src=https://img.nicksxs.com/blog/J3SWNz.png><p>显示这个就代表服务已经正常启动运行了，然后就是需要修改 headscale 的配置文件了，首先要设置 derper 的配置文件，类似这样<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class=gutter><pre><span class=line>1</span><br><span class=line>2</span><br><span class=line>3</span><br><span class=line>4</span><br><span class=line>5</span><br><span class=line>6</span><br><span class=line>7</span><br><span class=line>8</span><br><span class=line>9</span><br><span class=line>10</span><br><span class=line>11</span><br><span class=line>12</span><br><span class=line>13</span><br></pre><td class=code><pre><span class=line>regions:</span><br><span class=line> 100:</span><br><span class=line> regionid: 100</span><br><span class=line> regioncode: ahk </span><br><span class=line> regionname: Aliyun Hongkong </span><br><span class=line> nodes:</span><br><span class=line> - name: 100a</span><br><span class=line> regionid: 100</span><br><span class=line> hostname: xxxxx.hello.com</span><br><span class=line> ipv4:</span><br><span class=line> stunport: 3478</span><br><span class=line> stunonly: <span class=literal>false</span></span><br><span class=line> derpport: 12345</span><br></pre></table></figure><p>regionid表示区域 id，一个区域下可以后多个 node，node的 name 是节点的唯一识别码，ipv4 可以不填，有 hostname 就可以，然后stunonly 是 false 表示不只使用 stun还可以使用 derp<p>然后就是修改 headscale 自身的配置文件，把共用的 derper 配置改成<p><img alt=image data-src=https://img.nicksxs.com/blog/nlk7m9.png><p>上面的 urls 注释掉，后面的 paths 添加刚才的配置文件路径，这样就可以了，至于连接是不是走的这个<p>可以用 <code>tailscale netcheck</code> 查看最近的 derper 节点已经延迟，看到使用了自己的 derper 就对了</div><footer class=post-footer><div class=post-eof></div></footer></article></div><div class=post-block><article class=post-content itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Article><link href=https://nicksxs.me/2024/04/07/Headscale%E6%B8%90%E5%85%A5%E4%BD%B3%E5%A2%83-%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1%E8%AE%BE%E7%BD%AE/ itemprop=mainEntityOfPage><span hidden itemprop=author itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Person><meta content=/uploads/avatar.jpg itemprop=image><meta content=Nicksxs itemprop=name></span><span hidden itemprop=publisher itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Organization><meta content="Nicksxs's Blog" itemprop=name><meta content="learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森" itemprop=description></span><span hidden itemprop=post itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/CreativeWork><meta content="undefined | Nicksxs's Blog" itemprop=name><meta itemprop=description></span><header class=post-header><h2 itemprop="name headline" class=post-title><a class=post-title-link href=/2024/04/07/Headscale%E6%B8%90%E5%85%A5%E4%BD%B3%E5%A2%83-%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1%E8%AE%BE%E7%BD%AE/ itemprop=url>Headscale渐入佳境-路由设置</a></h2><div class=post-meta-container><div class=post-meta><span class=post-meta-item><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-calendar"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>发表于</span> <time itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" title="创建时间：2024-04-07 20:36:45" datetime=2024-04-07T20:36:45+08:00>2024-04-07</time> </span><span class=post-meta-item><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-folder"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>分类于</span> <span itemprop=about itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Thing><a href=/categories/headscale/ itemprop=url rel=index><span itemprop=name>headscale</span></a> </span></span><span class="post-meta-item leancloud_visitors" data-flag-title=Headscale渐入佳境-路由设置 id=/2024/04/07/Headscale%E6%B8%90%E5%85%A5%E4%BD%B3%E5%A2%83-%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1%E8%AE%BE%E7%BD%AE/ title=阅读次数><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-eye"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>阅读次数：</span> <span class=leancloud-visitors-count></span> </span><span class=post-meta-item><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-comment"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>Disqus：</span> <a href=/2024/04/07/Headscale%E6%B8%90%E5%85%A5%E4%BD%B3%E5%A2%83-%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1%E8%AE%BE%E7%BD%AE/#disqus_thread itemprop=discussionUrl title=disqus><span class="post-comments-count disqus-comment-count" data-disqus-identifier=2024/04/07/Headscale渐入佳境-路由设置/ itemprop=commentCount></span></a></span></div></div></header><div class=post-body itemprop=articleBody><p><code>headscale</code> 在前面两篇<a href=https://nicksxs.me/2023/01/22/Headscale%E5%88%9D%E4%BD%93%E9%AA%8C%E4%BB%A5%E5%8F%8A%E8%B8%A9%E5%9D%91%E8%AE%B0/>初体验</a>和<a href=https://nicksxs.me/2023/07/09/headscale-%E6%B7%BB%E5%8A%A0%E8%8A%82%E7%82%B9/>添加节点</a> 主要是介绍了如何搭建和使用，但是这里有个很大的缺点，比如我在想要两地的网络能够连通，但是两地的网络内都不止一个机器，那想让他们连通就需要把它们都加入这个 <code>headscale</code> 所组成的虚拟局域网，并且每个都是这个虚拟局域网的ip，跟原来的 ip 地址不一样会比较难记忆，所以有没有办法不用这么麻烦呢，当然是有的，那就是 <code>headscale</code> 的路由功能。<br>原先比如我们有两个设备，在两地，通过headscale我把这两个异地节点都添加进去了，节点 A 的 ip比如是 <code>10.0.0.1</code>，另一个节点 B 是 <code>10.0.0.2</code>，在之前的状态下，我的节点 A 只能通过 <code>10.0.0.2</code> 来连接节点 B，如果节点 A 想要连接节点 B 所在地的局域网内部其他节点，我们就可以通过节点 B 的客户端登录的时候开启路由转发，这样节点 B 就会充当一个路由转发的功能，并且不需要通过10.0.0这个网段来访问，直接可以通过节点 B所在的局域网地址来访问，比如192.168.2.10，具体操作就是把客户端启动方式改成命令行的，主要就是 <code>--advertise-routes</code>, 指明需要转发的网段<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class=gutter><pre><span class=line>1</span><br></pre><td class=code><pre><span class=line>tailscale up --advertise-routes=192.168.xx.0/24 --accept-dns=false --login-server=http://serverIp:serverPort --unattended </span><br></pre></table></figure><p>前面的 <code>192.168.xx.0</code> 就是节点 B 所在局域网的网段，然后 <code>login-server</code> 是 <code>headscale</code> 的服务 ip 跟端口，这个本身客户端就会使用，另外这个还有一个前提的，需要开启服务器的端口转发，对于 Windows 其实默认就可以，Linux 的话就需要设置下<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class=gutter><pre><span class=line>1</span><br><span class=line>2</span><br><span class=line>3</span><br></pre><td class=code><pre><span class=line><span class="meta prompt_">$ </span><span class=language-bash><span class=built_in>echo</span> <span class=string>'net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1'</span> | <span class=built_in>tee</span> /etc/sysctl.d/ipforwarding.conf</span></span><br><span class=line><span class="meta prompt_">$ </span><span class=language-bash><span class=built_in>echo</span> <span class=string>'net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1'</span> | <span class=built_in>tee</span> -a /etc/sysctl.d/ipforwarding.conf</span></span><br><span class=line><span class="meta prompt_">$ </span><span class=language-bash>sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/ipforwarding.conf</span></span><br></pre></table></figure><p>到这里我们只完成了第一步，第二步需要在 <code>headscale</code> 服务端启用这条路由配置<br>首先可以用 <code>sudo headscale routes</code> 查看当前有的路由<br><code>sudo headscale routes enable -h</code> 这里看下怎么启用，因为网上有些是用-i 指定哪一条路由的，但是我使用的这个版本是用-r 的<br><code>sudo headscale routes enable -r 1</code> 然后用这个命令启用就行了<br><img data-src=https://img.nicksxs.com/blog/h5Ihsg.jpg><br><img data-src=https://img.nicksxs.com/blog/7vXV6A.jpg><br>这样我们就能够很方便地在单个节点互连之后访问到对方局域网内的其他节点</div><footer class=post-footer><div class=post-eof></div></footer></article></div><div class=post-block><article class=post-content itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Article><link href=https://nicksxs.me/2024/03/31/%E6%8A%98%E8%85%BE%E8%AE%B0-%E7%BB%99%E7%8E%A9%E5%AE%A2%E4%BA%91%E5%88%B7%E4%B8%8AArmbian/ itemprop=mainEntityOfPage><span hidden itemprop=author itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Person><meta content=/uploads/avatar.jpg itemprop=image><meta content=Nicksxs itemprop=name></span><span hidden itemprop=publisher itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Organization><meta content="Nicksxs's Blog" itemprop=name><meta content="learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森" itemprop=description></span><span hidden itemprop=post itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/CreativeWork><meta content="undefined | Nicksxs's Blog" itemprop=name><meta itemprop=description></span><header class=post-header><h2 itemprop="name headline" class=post-title><a class=post-title-link href=/2024/03/31/%E6%8A%98%E8%85%BE%E8%AE%B0-%E7%BB%99%E7%8E%A9%E5%AE%A2%E4%BA%91%E5%88%B7%E4%B8%8AArmbian/ itemprop=url>折腾记-给玩客云刷上Armbian</a></h2><div class=post-meta-container><div class=post-meta><span class=post-meta-item><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-calendar"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>发表于</span> <time itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" title="创建时间：2024-03-31 19:41:50" datetime=2024-03-31T19:41:50+08:00>2024-03-31</time> </span><span class=post-meta-item><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-folder"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>分类于</span> <span itemprop=about itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Thing><a href=/categories/%E6%8A%98%E8%85%BE/ itemprop=url rel=index><span itemprop=name>折腾</span></a> </span></span><span class="post-meta-item leancloud_visitors" data-flag-title=折腾记-给玩客云刷上Armbian id=/2024/03/31/%E6%8A%98%E8%85%BE%E8%AE%B0-%E7%BB%99%E7%8E%A9%E5%AE%A2%E4%BA%91%E5%88%B7%E4%B8%8AArmbian/ title=阅读次数><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-eye"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>阅读次数：</span> <span class=leancloud-visitors-count></span> </span><span class=post-meta-item><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-comment"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>Disqus：</span> <a href=/2024/03/31/%E6%8A%98%E8%85%BE%E8%AE%B0-%E7%BB%99%E7%8E%A9%E5%AE%A2%E4%BA%91%E5%88%B7%E4%B8%8AArmbian/#disqus_thread itemprop=discussionUrl title=disqus><span class="post-comments-count disqus-comment-count" data-disqus-identifier=2024/03/31/折腾记-给玩客云刷上Armbian/ itemprop=commentCount></span></a></span></div></div></header><div class=post-body itemprop=articleBody><p>之前买来玩客云作为轻nas使用，但是由于只能外接硬盘，并且是usb2.0的接口，使用体验不是特别好，并且前期作为老母鸡还能兑换视频会员这种，后面取消了就不怎么使用了，前阵子玩客云停止提供服务了，所以就想可以折腾下，比如Armbian这样的，可以作为轻量服务器使用，功耗也比较低，跑一些简单的docker还是可以的，<br><img data-src=https://img.nicksxs.com/blog/JzeFde.png><br>配置是这样的，存储小了点，其他就是一个普通小服务器的配置了，usb2.0有点弱，但是现在有一些是正常退役，还有很多是PCDN被禁了宽带以后咸鱼出售的，带上电源跟网线才30左右，还是比较有性价比的<br>首先机器有几个版本，主要是1.0跟1.3，要注意1.3版本的主板上有个混淆点，会有一个1.2的版本，指的是具体存储或者网卡等组件的版本，玩客云版本是较大的 V1.3，而1.0则是比较小的字体，而且据网上的资料，1.0版本是有个MAC地址的贴条<br><img data-src=https://img.nicksxs.com/blog/%E5%BE%AE%E4%BF%A1%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91_20240331182436.jpg><br>可以看上图的标示，箭头指向的是短接点，这是1.0版本的，1.3版本是找不到这个短接点，而是在反面（有S805芯片和存储的一面）<br>新版手边没有，借用一张恩山的图<br><img data-src=https://img.nicksxs.com/blog/GiOBE9.png><br>这个在最开始我刷第一个的时候比较困扰我，因为不确定版本，网上又有很多都是只截一小块区域的图，也不知道相对位置<br>首先如果是从闲鱼买来的已经刷成PCDN，某心云的需要通过短接刷底包之后再刷入系统，可以先用吹风机热风吹一会后盖，然后用一字螺丝刀从SD卡槽把外层的一片壳撬开，然后通过十字螺丝刀拧开之后就可以把主板拿出来<br>然后需要镊子或者其他铁丝，能够短接的就行，外加一个双公头USB线<br>刷机工具包可以用我这个分享的<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class=gutter><pre><span class=line>1</span><br><span class=line>2</span><br></pre><td class=code><pre><span class=line>https://www.alipan.com/s/sd4Wi6TDzeP</span><br><span class=line>提取码: 84or</span><br></pre></table></figure><p>第一步打开USB Burning Tool, 要短接刷入update.img<br><img data-src=https://img.nicksxs.com/blog/%E5%BE%AE%E4%BF%A1%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87_20240331190655.png><br>通过文件导入网盘里的 update.img，然后先用双公头USB线连接电脑的USB口和玩客云<strong>靠近HDMI口</strong>的USB口，如果方便最好接到电脑后置的USB口，防止不稳定刷机终端，接下来就需要短接了，这里的姿势要先短接好，保持稳定，然后插上电源线，这里如果连接成功就会在软件左上会显示一栏连接成功，如果电脑连接音响也会有叮咚这样的声音，接下去就可以点开始进行刷入底包了，这里最大的困难点就是保持短接稳定后插电源，并且继续保持稳定刷入底包，底包刷入会比较快，等到刷机进度条走完刷成功后就点停止，然后关闭软件，拔掉玩客云电源，拔掉USB<br>第二步是刷入Armbian系统，根据一些教程有些说需要先刷入5.8，我这边是直接刷入了5.9的系统，也就多一步，准备一个U盘，16G或者8G都行，先用Etcher把5.8系统刷入U盘，刷入完成后再关闭软件，推出U盘，将U盘插入玩客云上靠近网口的USB口，然后再通电，指示灯会蓝色-> 绿色 -> 蓝紫闪烁 -> 蓝色，这样就是刷机成功了，会需要一点时间，刷机完成后再把5.9的的刷入U盘，再继续刚才的步骤，此时需要把网线插入玩客云，等待正常亮灯显示后，在路由器上可以找到一个aml-s812的设备，在通过ssh连接，账号是root，密码是1234，进入系统后通过以下命令就可以刷入emmc了<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class=gutter><pre><span class=line>1</span><br></pre><td class=code><pre><span class=line>cd /boot/install sudo ./install.sh</span><br></pre></table></figure><p>完成后会自动断开，拔掉U盘后再用同样方法连接就可以了，后续怎么使用就是Linux相关的了，后面也可以讲下docker的操作，但要注意架构，这个是arm架构32位的</div><footer class=post-footer><div class=post-eof></div></footer></article></div><div class=post-block><article class=post-content itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Article><link href=https://nicksxs.me/2024/03/24/%E7%94%A8-ollama-%E6%9C%AC%E5%9C%B0%E8%BF%90%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B/ itemprop=mainEntityOfPage><span hidden itemprop=author itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Person><meta content=/uploads/avatar.jpg itemprop=image><meta content=Nicksxs itemprop=name></span><span hidden itemprop=publisher itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Organization><meta content="Nicksxs's Blog" itemprop=name><meta content="learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森" itemprop=description></span><span hidden itemprop=post itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/CreativeWork><meta content="undefined | Nicksxs's Blog" itemprop=name><meta itemprop=description></span><header class=post-header><h2 itemprop="name headline" class=post-title><a class=post-title-link href=/2024/03/24/%E7%94%A8-ollama-%E6%9C%AC%E5%9C%B0%E8%BF%90%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B/ itemprop=url>用 ollama 本地运行谷歌开源大模型 Gemma</a></h2><div class=post-meta-container><div class=post-meta><span class=post-meta-item><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-calendar"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>发表于</span> <time itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" title="创建时间：2024-03-24 20:51:05 / 修改时间：21:02:44" datetime=2024-03-24T20:51:05+08:00>2024-03-24</time> </span><span class=post-meta-item><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-folder"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>分类于</span> <span itemprop=about itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Thing><a href=/categories/LLM/ itemprop=url rel=index><span itemprop=name>LLM</span></a> </span></span><span class="post-meta-item leancloud_visitors" data-flag-title="用 ollama 本地运行谷歌开源大模型 Gemma" id=/2024/03/24/%E7%94%A8-ollama-%E6%9C%AC%E5%9C%B0%E8%BF%90%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B/ title=阅读次数><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-eye"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>阅读次数：</span> <span class=leancloud-visitors-count></span> </span><span class=post-meta-item><span class=post-meta-item-icon><i class="far fa-comment"></i> </span><span class=post-meta-item-text>Disqus：</span> <a href=/2024/03/24/%E7%94%A8-ollama-%E6%9C%AC%E5%9C%B0%E8%BF%90%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B/#disqus_thread itemprop=discussionUrl title=disqus><span class="post-comments-count disqus-comment-count" data-disqus-identifier=2024/03/24/用-ollama-本地运行大模型/ itemprop=commentCount></span></a></span></div></div></header><div class=post-body itemprop=articleBody><p>原先在 23 年初的时候调研过一些国产的大模型，包括复旦开源的 MOSS 和清华的 ChatGLM，那时候还是早期版本，需要在 Linux 上，并且有比较好的显卡，而且一般来讲都得是 N 卡，过程中需要安装 pytorch和比较多依赖，并且当时的效果也还比较差，所以后面就没有长期使用。<br>最近看到谷歌在 2 月份开源了大模型 Gemma ，<a href=https://blog.google/technology/developers/gemma-open-models/ rel=noopener target=_blank>gemma</a> 的博客在这里，想要在本地运行这个模型在现在这个阶段也变得简单很多，因为我们有了 ollama 工具<br><img data-src=https://img.nicksxs.com/blog/GmwqJC.png><br>可以通过这个工具来运行大模型，并且已经支持了谷歌开源的 Gemma<br><img data-src=https://img.nicksxs.com/blog/SRZ4u0.png><br>我这边本地是 MacBook Pro 14 寸的，m3 pro 的处理器，18g 内存，刚好可以用 7b 量化的模型<br><img data-src=https://img.nicksxs.com/blog/t4GBoS.png><br>这里有推荐的模型和内存推荐匹配规则，16g 可以运行 13B 及以下模型<br>下载安装完后我们可以用以下命令<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class=gutter><pre><span class=line>1</span><br></pre><td class=code><pre><span class=line>ollama run gemma:7b</span><br></pre></table></figure><p>这里需要拉取模型，约5.2g 大小，考虑网络原因可能会比较慢<br><img data-src=https://img.nicksxs.com/blog/TFh3sQ.png><br>我们可以简单来试试问个问题<br><img data-src=https://img.nicksxs.com/blog/sbA71p.png><br><img data-src=https://img.nicksxs.com/blog/0urNCA.png><br>看出来回答的还是比较丰富的，谷歌出品还是比较有水平的，不至于像 ChatGLM 最初版本的在不做调优的情况下甚至有点前言不搭后语<br>对于想使用 chatgpt 但是没条件，这也算是个低配平替了, 并且已经是个比较可用的了，同时也方便进行学习调优等<br>如果想要类似于 chatgpt 那样的网页版，可以安装 <a href=https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui rel=noopener target=_blank>open-webui</a><br>可以通过 webui 访问 ollama 运行的大模型，<br>用 docker 启动的命令也贴一下<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class=gutter><pre><span class=line>1</span><br></pre><td class=code><pre><span class=line>docker run -d -p 3000:8080 --add-host=host.docker.internal:host-gateway -v open-webui:/app/backend/data --name open-webui --restart always ghcr.io/open-webui/open-webui:main</span><br></pre></table></figure><p>不过有个小问题就是 docker 镜像拉取会有点慢，可以添加下国内镜像加速<figure class="highlight json"><table><tr><td class=gutter><pre><span class=line>1</span><br><span class=line>2</span><br><span class=line>3</span><br><span class=line>4</span><br><span class=line>5</span><br><span class=line>6</span><br><span class=line>7</span><br></pre><td class=code><pre><span class=line><span class=punctuation>{</span></span><br><span class=line> <span class=attr>"registry-mirrors"</span><span class=punctuation>:</span> <span class=punctuation>[</span></span><br><span class=line> <span class=string>"https://dockerproxy.com"</span><span class=punctuation>,</span></span><br><span class=line> <span class=string>"https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn"</span><span class=punctuation>,</span></span><br><span class=line> <span class=string>"https://docker.nju.edu.cn"</span></span><br><span class=line> <span class=punctuation>]</span></span><br><span class=line><span class=punctuation>}</span></span><br></pre></table></figure><p><img data-src=https://img.nicksxs.com/blog/MSh1LI.png><br>这里有一个小区别，Gemma 在多轮会话的时候会在前面的答案基础上再完善。<p>补充一个在 windows 环境下，cpu 跑模型的也是可行的<br><img data-src=https://img.nicksxs.com/blog/cWsGsV.png><br>现在是大模型可以深入千家万户了，大家都可以尝试下，如果对日常的工作学习有一些效率上的提升也是好的</div><footer class=post-footer><div class=post-eof></div></footer></article></div><nav class=pagination><a class="extend prev" aria-label=上一页 href=/page/13/ rel=prev title=上一页><i 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