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${ item.name }
Create branch ${ searchTerm }
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${ noResults }
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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="zh-CN"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"><meta name="theme-color" content="#222"><meta name="generator" content="Hexo 6.3.0"><link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com" crossorigin><link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com" crossorigin><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/images/apple-touch-icon-next.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/images/favicon-32x32-next.png"><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/images/favicon-16x16-next.png"><link rel="mask-icon" href="/images/logo.svg" color="#222"><meta name="google-site-verification" content="2X6S9P7CAjXjVvw8YyQR8pCu-B0oEu7O9quLgxXuWyA"><meta name="baidu-site-verification" content="dV8JGNzi0c"><script>setTimeout(function(){var 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class="next-config" data-name="main" type="application/json">{"hostname":"nicksxs.me","root":"/","images":"/images","scheme":"Pisces","darkmode":false,"version":"8.12.1","exturl":false,"sidebar":{"position":"left","display":"post","padding":18,"offset":12},"copycode":{"enable":true,"style":"mac"},"bookmark":{"enable":false,"color":"#222","save":"auto"},"mediumzoom":false,"lazyload":true,"pangu":false,"comments":{"style":"tabs","active":null,"storage":true,"lazyload":false,"nav":null},"stickytabs":false,"motion":{"enable":false,"async":false,"transition":{"post_block":"fadeIn","post_header":"fadeInDown","post_body":"fadeInDown","coll_header":"fadeInLeft","sidebar":"fadeInUp"}},"prism":false,"i18n":{"placeholder":"搜索...","empty":"没有找到任何搜索结果：${query}","hits_time":"找到 ${hits} 个搜索结果（用时 ${time} 毫秒）","hits":"找到 ${hits} 个搜索结果"},"path":"/search.xml","localsearch":{"enable":true,"trigger":"auto","top_n_per_article":1,"unescape":true,"preload":true}}</script><script src="/js/config.js"></script><meta name="description" content="learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森"><meta property="og:type" content="website"><meta property="og:title" content="Nicksxs&#39;s Blog"><meta property="og:url" content="https://nicksxs.me/page/32/index.html"><meta property="og:site_name" content="Nicksxs&#39;s Blog"><meta property="og:description" content="learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森"><meta property="og:locale" content="zh_CN"><meta property="article:author" content="Nicksxs"><meta property="article:tag" content="Nicksxs,史学森,米方方,米方方的男朋友,森哥"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"><link rel="canonical" href="https://nicksxs.me/page/32/"><script class="next-config" data-name="page" type="application/json">{"sidebar":"","isHome":true,"isPost":false,"lang":"zh-CN","comments":"","permalink":"","path":"page/32/index.html","title":""}</script><script class="next-config" data-name="calendar" type="application/json">""</script><title>Nicksxs's Blog - What hurts more, the pain of hard work or the pain of regret?</title><script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-61358619-1"></script><script class="next-config" data-name="google_analytics" type="application/json">{"tracking_id":"UA-61358619-1","only_pageview":false}</script><script src="/js/third-party/analytics/google-analytics.js"></script><script src="/js/third-party/analytics/baidu-analytics.js"></script><script async src="https://hm.baidu.com/hm.js?20f33b3c0c0eff9b1522999c0015646d"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/noscript.css"></noscript><link rel="alternate" href="/atom.xml" title="Nicksxs's Blog" type="application/atom+xml"></head><body itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"><div class="headband"></div><main class="main"><header class="header" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WPHeader"><div class="header-inner"><div class="site-brand-container"><div class="site-nav-toggle"><div class="toggle" aria-label="切换导航栏" role="button"><span class="toggle-line"></span> <span class="toggle-line"></span> <span class="toggle-line"></span></div></div><div class="site-meta"><a href="/" class="brand" rel="start"><i class="logo-line"></i><h1 class="site-title">Nicksxs's Blog</h1><i class="logo-line"></i></a><p class="site-subtitle" itemprop="description">What hurts more, the pain of hard work or the pain of regret?</p></div><div class="site-nav-right"><div class="toggle popup-trigger"><i class="fa fa-search fa-fw fa-lg"></i></div></div></div><nav class="site-nav"><ul class="main-menu menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-home"><a href="/" rel="section"><i class="fa fa-home fa-fw"></i>首页</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-about"><a href="/about/" rel="section"><i class="fa fa-user fa-fw"></i>关于</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-tags"><a href="/tags/" rel="section"><i class="fa fa-tags fa-fw"></i>标签</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-categories"><a href="/categories/" rel="section"><i class="fa fa-th fa-fw"></i>分类</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-archives"><a href="/archives/" rel="section"><i class="fa fa-archive fa-fw"></i>归档</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-top"><a href="/top/" rel="section"><i class="fa fa-th fa-fw"></i>热度</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-sitemap"><a href="/sitemap.xml" rel="section"><i class="fa fa-sitemap fa-fw"></i>站点地图</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-commonweal"><a href="/404/" rel="section"><i class="fa fa-heartbeat fa-fw"></i>公益 404</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-search"><a role="button" class="popup-trigger"><i class="fa fa-search fa-fw"></i>搜索</a></li></ul></nav><div class="search-pop-overlay"><div class="popup search-popup"><div class="search-header"><span class="search-icon"><i class="fa fa-search"></i></span><div class="search-input-container"><input autocomplete="off" autocapitalize="off" maxlength="80" placeholder="搜索..." spellcheck="false" type="search" class="search-input"></div><span class="popup-btn-close" role="button"><i class="fa fa-times-circle"></i></span></div><div class="search-result-container no-result"><div class="search-result-icon"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-pulse fa-5x"></i></div></div></div></div></div><div class="toggle sidebar-toggle" role="button"><span class="toggle-line"></span> <span class="toggle-line"></span> <span class="toggle-line"></span></div><aside class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-inner sidebar-overview-active"><ul class="sidebar-nav"><li class="sidebar-nav-toc">文章目录</li><li class="sidebar-nav-overview">站点概览</li></ul><div class="sidebar-panel-container"><div class="post-toc-wrap sidebar-panel"></div><div class="site-overview-wrap sidebar-panel"><div class="site-author site-overview-item animated" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><img class="site-author-image" itemprop="image" alt="Nicksxs" src="/uploads/avatar.jpg"><p class="site-author-name" itemprop="name">Nicksxs</p><div class="site-description" itemprop="description">learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森</div></div><div class="site-state-wrap site-overview-item animated"><nav class="site-state"><div class="site-state-item site-state-posts"><a href="/archives/"><span class="site-state-item-count">192</span> <span class="site-state-item-name">日志</span></a></div><div class="site-state-item site-state-categories"><a href="/categories/"><span class="site-state-item-count">148</span> <span class="site-state-item-name">分类</span></a></div><div class="site-state-item site-state-tags"><a href="/tags/"><span class="site-state-item-count">285</span> <span class="site-state-item-name">标签</span></a></div></nav></div><div class="links-of-author site-overview-item animated"><span class="links-of-author-item"><a href="https://github.com/nicksxs" title="GitHub → https:&#x2F;&#x2F;github.com&#x2F;nicksxs" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-github fa-fw"></i>GitHub</a> </span><span class="links-of-author-item"><a href="mailto:nicksxs1202@gmail.com" title="E-Mail → 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class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/aqs/" rel="tag">aqs</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/await/" rel="tag">await</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/bloom-filter/" rel="tag">bloom filter</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/c/" rel="tag">c++</a><span class="tag-list-count">14</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/cglib/" rel="tag">cglib</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/cgroup/" rel="tag">cgroup</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/cluster/" rel="tag">cluster</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/condition/" rel="tag">condition</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/docker/" rel="tag">docker</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/dp/" rel="tag">dp</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/dubbo/" rel="tag">dubbo</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/echo/" rel="tag">echo</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/environment/" rel="tag">environment</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/gap-lock/" rel="tag">gap lock</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/gc/" rel="tag">gc</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/git/" rel="tag">git</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/grep/" rel="tag">grep</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/hadoop/" rel="tag">hadoop</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/icu4c/" rel="tag">icu4c</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/im/" rel="tag">im</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/is-not-null/" rel="tag">is not null</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/is-null/" rel="tag">is null</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/j-u-c/" rel="tag">j.u.c</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/java/" rel="tag">java</a><span class="tag-list-count">33</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/jvm/" rel="tag">jvm</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/leetcode/" rel="tag">leetcode</a><span class="tag-list-count">40</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/leetcode-155/" rel="tag">leetcode 155</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/linked-list/" rel="tag">linked list</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/linux/" rel="tag">linux</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/lock/" rel="tag">lock</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/mfc/" rel="tag">mfc</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/min-stack/" rel="tag">min stack</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/mq/" rel="tag">mq</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/mvcc/" rel="tag">mvcc</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/mysql/" rel="tag">mysql</a><span class="tag-list-count">6</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/namespace/" rel="tag">namespace</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/next-key-lock/" rel="tag">next-key lock</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/nginx/" rel="tag">nginx</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/nullsfirst/" rel="tag">nullsfirst</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/openresty/" rel="tag">openresty</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/php/" rel="tag">php</a><span class="tag-list-count">4</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/powershell/" rel="tag">powershell</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/procedure/" rel="tag">procedure</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/python/" rel="tag">python</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/read-view/" rel="tag">read view</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/redis/" rel="tag">redis</a><span class="tag-list-count">12</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/scp/" rel="tag">scp</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/signal/" rel="tag">signal</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/sort/" rel="tag">sort</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/spark/" rel="tag">spark</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/ssh/" rel="tag">ssh</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/stack/" rel="tag">stack</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/stream/" rel="tag">stream</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/string/" rel="tag">string</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/swoole/" rel="tag">swoole</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/top/" rel="tag">top</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/uname/" rel="tag">uname</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/unlock/" rel="tag">unlock</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/utf8/" rel="tag">utf8</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/utf8mb4/" rel="tag">utf8mb4</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/utf8mb4-0900-ai-ci/" rel="tag">utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/utf8mb4-general-ci/" rel="tag">utf8mb4_general_ci</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/utf8mb4-unicode-ci/" rel="tag">utf8mb4_unicode_ci</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/value/" rel="tag">value</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/websocket/" rel="tag">websocket</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/zookeeper/" rel="tag">zookeeper</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/zsh/" rel="tag">zsh</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%B8%89%E9%98%B6%E6%AE%B5%E6%8F%90%E4%BA%A4/" rel="tag">三阶段提交</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%B8%8D%E5%8F%AF%E5%8F%98%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8/" rel="tag">不可变引用</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%B8%9C%E4%BA%AC%E5%A5%A5%E8%BF%90%E4%BC%9A/" rel="tag">东京奥运会</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%B8%A4%E9%98%B6%E6%AE%B5%E6%8F%90%E4%BA%A4/" rel="tag">两阶段提交</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1%E8%B7%AF/" rel="tag">中山路</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%B8%AD%E5%BA%8F/" rel="tag">中序</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%B8%AD%E9%97%B4%E4%BB%B6/" rel="tag">中间件</a><span class="tag-list-count">4</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%B8%BE%E9%87%8D/" rel="tag">举重</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%B9%92%E4%B9%93%E7%90%83/" rel="tag">乒乓球</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%BA%8B%E5%8A%A1/" rel="tag">事务</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%89%E6%A0%91/" rel="tag">二叉树</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%BA%92%E6%96%A5%E9%94%81/" rel="tag">互斥锁</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E9%A2%98%E8%A7%A3/" rel="tag">代码题解</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E4%BF%AE%E7%94%B5%E8%84%91%E7%9A%84/" rel="tag">修电脑的</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%81%8F%E5%90%91%E9%94%81/" rel="tag">偏向锁</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E7%A0%81/" rel="tag">健康码</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%85%AC%E4%BA%A4/" rel="tag">公交</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%85%AC%E4%BA%A4%E8%BD%A6/" rel="tag">公交车</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%86%85%E5%AD%98%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83/" rel="tag">内存分布</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%86%85%E5%AD%98%E6%B3%84%E6%BC%8F/" rel="tag">内存泄漏</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%87%86%E5%A4%87/" rel="tag">准备</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%87%8F%E8%82%A5/" rel="tag">减肥</a><span class="tag-list-count">6</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E5%BC%8F%E4%BA%8B%E5%8A%A1/" rel="tag">分布式事务</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E5%BC%8F%E9%94%81/" rel="tag">分布式锁</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%88%87%E7%89%87/" rel="tag">切片</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96/" rel="tag">初始化</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%89%8A%E5%B3%B0%E5%A1%AB%E8%B0%B7/" rel="tag">削峰填谷</a><span class="tag-list-count">4</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%89%8D%E5%BA%8F/" rel="tag">前序</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%8A%A0%E5%A1%9E/" rel="tag">加塞</a><span class="tag-list-count">3</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%8A%A0%E8%BD%BD/" rel="tag">加载</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%8D%95%E4%BE%8B/" rel="tag">单例</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%8D%9A%E5%AE%A2%EF%BC%8C%E6%96%87%E7%AB%A0/" rel="tag">博客，文章</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%8E%A6%E9%97%A8/" rel="tag">厦门</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%8F%8C%E4%BA%B2%E5%A7%94%E6%B4%BE/" rel="tag">双亲委派</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%8F%91%E8%A1%8C%E7%89%88/" rel="tag">发行版</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%8F%A3%E7%BD%A9/" rel="tag">口罩</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%8F%AF%E5%8F%98%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8/" rel="tag">可变引用</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%90%90%E6%A7%BD/" rel="tag">吐槽</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%9B%A4%E7%89%A9%E8%B5%84/" rel="tag">囤物资</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%9E%83%E5%9C%BE%E5%9B%9E%E6%94%B6/" rel="tag">垃圾回收</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E8%AE%BE%E6%96%BD/" rel="tag">基础设施</a><span class="tag-list-count">2</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%A4%A7%E6%89%AB%E9%99%A4/" rel="tag">大扫除</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%AD%97%E7%AC%A6%E9%9B%86/" rel="tag">字符集</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8/" rel="tag">安全</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%AE%B9%E9%94%99%E6%9C%BA%E5%88%B6/" rel="tag">容错机制</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%AF%84%E7%94%9F%E8%99%AB/" rel="tag">寄生虫</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%B0%84%E5%87%BB/" rel="tag">射击</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%B0%8F%E6%8A%80%E5%B7%A7/" rel="tag">小技巧</a><span class="tag-list-count">5</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%B1%80%E5%8F%A3%E8%A1%97/" rel="tag">局口街</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%B8%83%E9%9A%86%E8%BF%87%E6%BB%A4%E5%99%A8/" rel="tag">布隆过滤器</a><span class="tag-list-count">1</span></li><li class="tag-list-item"><a class="tag-list-link" href="/tags/%E5%B9%B2%E6%B4%BB/" 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itemprop="post" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><meta itemprop="name" content="undefined | Nicksxs's Blog"><meta itemprop="description" content=""></span><header class="post-header"><h2 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/2020/02/16/Maven%E5%AE%9E%E7%94%A8%E5%B0%8F%E6%8A%80%E5%B7%A7/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">Maven实用小技巧</a></h2><div class="post-meta-container"><div class="post-meta"><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-calendar"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span> <time title="创建时间：2020-02-16 10:39:42 / 修改时间：14:36:56" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2020-02-16T10:39:42+08:00">2020-02-16</time> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-folder"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">分类于</span> <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/Java/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">Java</span></a> </span>， <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/Java/Maven/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">Maven</span></a> </span></span><span id="/2020/02/16/Maven%E5%AE%9E%E7%94%A8%E5%B0%8F%E6%8A%80%E5%B7%A7/" class="post-meta-item leancloud_visitors" data-flag-title="Maven实用小技巧" title="阅读次数"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-eye"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">阅读次数：</span> <span class="leancloud-visitors-count"></span> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-comment"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">Disqus：</span> <a title="disqus" href="/2020/02/16/Maven%E5%AE%9E%E7%94%A8%E5%B0%8F%E6%8A%80%E5%B7%A7/#disqus_thread" itemprop="discussionUrl"><span class="post-comments-count disqus-comment-count" data-disqus-identifier="2020/02/16/Maven实用小技巧/" itemprop="commentCount"></span></a></span></div></div></header><div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>Maven 翻译为”专家”、”内行”，是 Apache 下的一个纯 Java 开发的开源项目。基于项目对象模型（缩写：POM）概念，Maven利用一个中央信息片断能管理一个项目的构建、报告和文档等步骤。</p><p>Maven 是一个项目管理工具，可以对 Java 项目进行构建、依赖管理。</p><p>Maven 也可被用于构建和管理各种项目，例如 C#，Ruby，Scala 和其他语言编写的项目。Maven 曾是 Jakarta 项目的子项目，现为由 Apache 软件基金会主持的独立 Apache 项目。</p><p>maven也是我们日常项目中实用的包管理工具，相比以前需要用把包下载下来，放进 lib 中，在平时工作中使用的话，其实像 idea 这样的 ide 工具都会自带 maven 工具和插件</p><h3 id="maven的基本操作"><a href="#maven的基本操作" class="headerlink" title="maven的基本操作"></a>maven的基本操作</h3><ul><li><code>mvn -v</code><br>查看 maven 信息</li><li><code>mvn compile</code><br>将 Java 编译成 class 文件</li><li><code>mvn test</code><br>执行 test 包下的测试用例</li><li><code>mvn package</code><br>将项目打成 jar 包</li><li><code>mvn clean</code><br>删除package 在 target 目录下面打出来的 jar 包和 target 目录</li><li><code>mvn install</code><br>将打出来的 jar 包复制到 maven 的本地仓库里</li><li><code>mvn deploy</code><br>将打出来的 jar 包上传到远程仓库里</li></ul><h3 id="与-composer-对比"><a href="#与-composer-对比" class="headerlink" title="与 composer 对比"></a>与 composer 对比</h3><p>因为我也是个 PHP 程序员，所以对比一下两种语言，很容易想到在 PHP 的 composer 跟 Java 的 maven 是比较类似的作用，有一点两者是非常相似的，就是原仓库都是因为某些原因连接拉取都会很慢，所以像 composer 会有一些国内源，前阵子阿里也出了一个，类似的 maven 一般也会使用阿里的镜像仓库，通过在 setting.xml 文件中的设置</p><pre class="line-numbers language-none"><code class="language-none">&lt;mirrors&gt;
&lt;mirror&gt;
&lt;id&gt;aliyun&lt;&#x2F;id&gt;
&lt;name&gt;aliyun maven&lt;&#x2F;name&gt;
&lt;url&gt;http:&#x2F;&#x2F;maven.aliyun.com&#x2F;nexus&#x2F;content&#x2F;groups&#x2F;public&#x2F;&lt;&#x2F;url&gt;
&lt;mirrorOf&gt;central&lt;&#x2F;mirrorOf&gt;
&lt;&#x2F;mirror&gt;
&lt;&#x2F;mirrors&gt;<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre><p>这算是个尴尬的共同点，然后因为 PHP 是解释型脚本语言，所以 php 打出来的 composer 包其实就是个 php 代码包，使用SPL Autoload等方式加载代码包，maven 包则是经过编译的 class 包，还有一点是 composer 也可以直接使用 github 地址作为包代码的拉取源，这点也是比较大的区别，maven使用 pom 文件管理依赖</p><h3 id="maven-的个人小技巧"><a href="#maven-的个人小技巧" class="headerlink" title="maven 的个人小技巧"></a>maven 的个人小技巧</h3><ul><li>maven 拉取依赖时，同时将 snapshot 也更新了，就是 <code>mvn compile</code>加个<code>-U</code>参数，如果还不行就需要将本地仓库的 snapshot 删掉，<br>这个命令的 help 命令解释是 -U,–update-snapshots Forces a check for missing releases and updated snapshots on<br>remote repositories，这个在日常使用中还是很经常使用的</li><li>maven 出现依赖冲突的时候的解决方法<br>首先是依赖分析，使用<code>mvn dependency:tree</code>分析下依赖关系，如果要找具体某个包的依赖引用关系可以使用<code>mvn dependency:tree -Dverbose -Dincludes=org.springframework:spring-webmvc</code>命令进行分析，如果发现有冲突的依赖关系，本身 maven 中依赖引用有相对的顺序，大致来说是引用路径短的优先，pom 文件中定义的顺序优先，如果要把冲突的包排除掉可以在 pom 中用<pre class="line-numbers language-none"><code class="language-none">&lt;exclusions&gt;
&lt;exclusion&gt;
&lt;groupId&gt;ch.qos.logback&lt;&#x2F;groupId&gt;
&lt;artifactId&gt;logback-classic&lt;&#x2F;artifactId&gt;
&lt;&#x2F;exclusion&gt;
&lt;&#x2F;exclusions&gt;<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>将冲突的包排除掉</li><li>maven 依赖的 jdk 版本管理<br>前面介绍的<code>mvn -v</code>可以查看 maven 的安装信息<br>比如<pre class="line-numbers language-none"><code class="language-none">Apache Maven 3.6.3 (cecedd343002696d0abb50b32b541b8a6ba2883f)
Maven home: &#x2F;usr&#x2F;local&#x2F;Cellar&#x2F;maven&#x2F;3.6.3_1&#x2F;libexec
Java version: 1.8.0_201, vendor: Oracle Corporation, runtime: &#x2F;Library&#x2F;Java&#x2F;JavaVirtualMachines&#x2F;jdk1.8.0_201.jdk&#x2F;Contents&#x2F;Home&#x2F;jre
Default locale: zh_CN, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: &quot;mac os x&quot;, version: &quot;10.14.6&quot;, arch: &quot;x86_64&quot;, family: &quot;mac&quot;<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>这里可以看到用了 mac 自带的 jdk1.8，结合我之前碰到的一个问题，因为使用 homebrew 升级了 gradle，而 gradle 又依赖了 jdk13，因为这个 mvn 的 Java version 也变成 jdk13 了，然后 mvn 编译的时候出现了 <code>java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError: com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTags</code>这个问题，所以需要把这个版本给改回来，但是咋改呢，网上搜来的一大堆都是在 pom 文件里的<br>source和 target 版本<pre class="line-numbers language-none"><code class="language-none">&lt;build&gt;
&lt;plugins&gt;
&lt;plugin&gt;
&lt;groupId&gt;org.apache.maven.plugins&lt;&#x2F;groupId&gt;
&lt;artifactId&gt;maven-compiler-plugin&lt;&#x2F;artifactId&gt;
&lt;configuration&gt;
&lt;source&gt;1.8&lt;&#x2F;source&gt;
&lt;target&gt;1.8&lt;&#x2F;target&gt;
&lt;encoding&gt;UTF-8&lt;&#x2F;encoding&gt;
&lt;&#x2F;configuration&gt;
&lt;&#x2F;plugin&gt;
&lt;&#x2F;plugins&gt;
&lt;build&gt;<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>或者修改 maven 的 setting.xml中的<pre class="line-numbers language-none"><code class="language-none">&lt;profiles&gt;
&lt;profile&gt;
&lt;id&gt;ngmm-nexus&lt;&#x2F;id&gt;
&lt;activation&gt;
&lt;jdk&gt;1.8&lt;&#x2F;jdk&gt;
&lt;&#x2F;activation&gt;
&lt;properties&gt;
&lt;maven.compiler.source&gt;1.8&lt;&#x2F;maven.compiler.source&gt;
&lt;maven.compiler.target&gt;1.8&lt;&#x2F;maven.compiler.target&gt;
&lt;maven.compiler.compilerVersion&gt;1.8&lt;&#x2F;maven.compiler.compilerVersion&gt;
&lt;&#x2F;properties&gt;
&lt;&#x2F;profile&gt;
&lt;&#x2F;profiles&gt;<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>但是这些都没啥用啊，真正有办法的是建个 <code>.mavenrc</code>，这个顾名思义就是 maven 的资源文件，类似于 <code>.bashrc</code>和<code>.zshrc</code>，在里面添加 MAVEN_HOME 和 JAVA_HOME,然后执行 <code>source .mavenrc</code>就 OK 啦</li></ul></div><footer class="post-footer"><div class="post-eof"></div></footer></article></div><div class="post-block"><article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article" class="post-content"><link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://nicksxs.me/2020/02/09/G1%E6%94%B6%E9%9B%86%E5%99%A8%E6%A6%82%E8%BF%B0/"><span hidden itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="image" content="/uploads/avatar.jpg"><meta itemprop="name" content="Nicksxs"></span><span hidden itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="Nicksxs's Blog"><meta itemprop="description" content="learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森"></span><span hidden itemprop="post" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><meta itemprop="name" content="undefined | Nicksxs's Blog"><meta itemprop="description" content=""></span><header class="post-header"><h2 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/2020/02/09/G1%E6%94%B6%E9%9B%86%E5%99%A8%E6%A6%82%E8%BF%B0/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">G1收集器概述</a></h2><div class="post-meta-container"><div class="post-meta"><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-calendar"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span> <time title="创建时间：2020-02-09 20:52:02 / 修改时间：20:56:16" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2020-02-09T20:52:02+08:00">2020-02-09</time> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-folder"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">分类于</span> <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/Java/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">Java</span></a> </span>， <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/Java/JVM/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">JVM</span></a> </span>， <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/Java/GC/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">GC</span></a> </span>， <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/C/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">C++</span></a> </span></span><span id="/2020/02/09/G1%E6%94%B6%E9%9B%86%E5%99%A8%E6%A6%82%E8%BF%B0/" class="post-meta-item leancloud_visitors" data-flag-title="G1收集器概述" title="阅读次数"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-eye"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">阅读次数：</span> <span class="leancloud-visitors-count"></span> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-comment"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">Disqus：</span> <a title="disqus" href="/2020/02/09/G1%E6%94%B6%E9%9B%86%E5%99%A8%E6%A6%82%E8%BF%B0/#disqus_thread" itemprop="discussionUrl"><span class="post-comments-count disqus-comment-count" data-disqus-identifier="2020/02/09/G1收集器概述/" itemprop="commentCount"></span></a></span></div></div></header><div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>G1: The Garbage-First Collector, 垃圾回收优先的垃圾回收器，目标是用户多核 cpu 和大内存的机器，最大的特点就是可预测的停顿时间，官方给出的介绍是提供一个用户在大的堆内存情况下一个低延迟表现的解决方案，通常是 6GB 及以上的堆大小，有低于 0.5 秒稳定的可预测的停顿时间。</p><p>这里主要介绍这个比较新的垃圾回收器，在 G1 之前的垃圾回收器都是基于如下图的内存结构分布，有新生代，老年代和永久代（jdk8 之前），然后G1 往前的那些垃圾回收器都有个分代，比如 serial，parallel 等，一般有个应用的组合，最初的 serial 和 serial old，因为新生代和老年代的收集方式不太一样，新生代主要是标记复制，所以有 eden 跟两个 survival区，老年代一般用标记整理方式，而 G1 对这个不太一样。<br><img data-src="https://i.loli.net/2020/02/09/jOVs2AlphzwyF5c.jpg"><br>看一下 G1 的内存分布<br><img data-src="https://i.loli.net/2020/02/09/Yr1tGiWp4mAZSzB.jpg"><br>可以看到这有很大的不同，G1 通过将内存分成大小相等的 region，每个region是存在于一个连续的虚拟内存范围，对于某个 region 来说其角色是类似于原来的收集器的Eden、Survivor、Old Generation，这个具体在代码层面</p><pre class="line-numbers language-c++" data-language="c++"><code class="language-c++">&#x2F;&#x2F; We encode the value of the heap region type so the generation can be
&#x2F;&#x2F; determined quickly. The tag is split into two parts:
&#x2F;&#x2F;
&#x2F;&#x2F; major type (young, old, humongous, archive) : top N-1 bits
&#x2F;&#x2F; minor type (eden &#x2F; survivor, starts &#x2F; cont hum, etc.) : bottom 1 bit
&#x2F;&#x2F;
&#x2F;&#x2F; If there&#39;s need to increase the number of minor types in the
&#x2F;&#x2F; future, we&#39;ll have to increase the size of the latter and hence
&#x2F;&#x2F; decrease the size of the former.
&#x2F;&#x2F;
&#x2F;&#x2F; 00000 0 [ 0] Free
&#x2F;&#x2F;
&#x2F;&#x2F; 00001 0 [ 2] Young Mask
&#x2F;&#x2F; 00001 0 [ 2] Eden
&#x2F;&#x2F; 00001 1 [ 3] Survivor
&#x2F;&#x2F;
&#x2F;&#x2F; 00010 0 [ 4] Humongous Mask
&#x2F;&#x2F; 00100 0 [ 8] Pinned Mask
&#x2F;&#x2F; 00110 0 [12] Starts Humongous
&#x2F;&#x2F; 00110 1 [13] Continues Humongous
&#x2F;&#x2F;
&#x2F;&#x2F; 01000 0 [16] Old Mask
&#x2F;&#x2F;
&#x2F;&#x2F; 10000 0 [32] Archive Mask
&#x2F;&#x2F; 11100 0 [56] Open Archive
&#x2F;&#x2F; 11100 1 [57] Closed Archive
&#x2F;&#x2F;
typedef enum &#123;
FreeTag &#x3D; 0,
YoungMask &#x3D; 2,
EdenTag &#x3D; YoungMask,
SurvTag &#x3D; YoungMask + 1,
HumongousMask &#x3D; 4,
PinnedMask &#x3D; 8,
StartsHumongousTag &#x3D; HumongousMask | PinnedMask,
ContinuesHumongousTag &#x3D; HumongousMask | PinnedMask + 1,
OldMask &#x3D; 16,
OldTag &#x3D; OldMask,
&#x2F;&#x2F; Archive regions are regions with immutable content (i.e. not reclaimed, and
&#x2F;&#x2F; not allocated into during regular operation). They differ in the kind of references
&#x2F;&#x2F; allowed for the contained objects:
&#x2F;&#x2F; - Closed archive regions form a separate self-contained (closed) object graph
&#x2F;&#x2F; within the set of all of these regions. No references outside of closed
&#x2F;&#x2F; archive regions are allowed.
&#x2F;&#x2F; - Open archive regions have no restrictions on the references of their objects.
&#x2F;&#x2F; Objects within these regions are allowed to have references to objects
&#x2F;&#x2F; contained in any other kind of regions.
ArchiveMask &#x3D; 32,
OpenArchiveTag &#x3D; ArchiveMask | PinnedMask | OldMask,
ClosedArchiveTag &#x3D; ArchiveMask | PinnedMask | OldMask + 1
&#125; Tag;<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre><p><code>hotspot/share/gc/g1/heapRegionType.hpp</code></p><p>当执行垃圾收集时，G1以类似于CMS收集器的方式运行。 G1执行并发全局标记阶段，以确定整个堆中对象的存活性。标记阶段完成后，G1知道哪些region是基本空的。它首先收集这些region，通常会产生大量的可用空间。这就是为什么这种垃圾收集方法称为“垃圾优先”的原因。顾名思义，G1将其收集和压缩活动集中在可能充满可回收对象（即垃圾）的堆区域。 G1使用暂停预测模型来满足用户定义的暂停时间目标，并根据指定的暂停时间目标选择要收集的区域数。</p><p>由G1标识为可回收的区域是使用撤离的方式(Evacuation)。 G1将对象从堆的一个或多个区域复制到堆上的单个区域，并在此过程中压缩并释放内存。撤离是在多处理器上并行执行的，以减少暂停时间并增加吞吐量。因此，对于每次垃圾收集，G1都在用户定义的暂停时间内连续工作以减少碎片。这是优于前面两种方法的。 CMS（并发标记扫描）垃圾收集器不进行压缩。 ParallelOld垃圾回收仅执行整个堆压缩，这导致相当长的暂停时间。</p><p>需要重点注意的是，G1不是实时收集器。它很有可能达到设定的暂停时间目标，但并非绝对确定。 G1根据先前收集的数据，估算在用户指定的目标时间内可以收集多少个区域。因此，收集器具有收集区域成本的合理准确的模型，并且收集器使用此模型来确定要收集哪些和多少个区域，同时保持在暂停时间目标之内。</p><p>注意：G1同时具有并发（与应用程序线程一起运行，例如优化，标记，清理）和并行（多线程，例如stw）阶段。Full GC仍然是单线程的，但是如果正确调优，您的应用程序应该可以避免Full GC。</p><p>在前面那篇中在代码层面简单的了解了这个可预测时间的过程，这也是 G1 的一大特点。</p></div><footer class="post-footer"><div class="post-eof"></div></footer></article></div><div class="post-block"><article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article" class="post-content"><link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://nicksxs.me/2020/02/01/2019%E5%B9%B4%E7%BB%88%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93/"><span hidden itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="image" content="/uploads/avatar.jpg"><meta itemprop="name" content="Nicksxs"></span><span hidden itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="Nicksxs's Blog"><meta itemprop="description" content="learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森"></span><span hidden itemprop="post" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><meta itemprop="name" content="undefined | Nicksxs's Blog"><meta itemprop="description" content=""></span><header class="post-header"><h2 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/2020/02/01/2019%E5%B9%B4%E7%BB%88%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">2019年终总结</a></h2><div class="post-meta-container"><div class="post-meta"><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-calendar"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span> <time title="创建时间：2020-02-01 22:23:53 / 修改时间：22:41:22" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2020-02-01T22:23:53+08:00">2020-02-01</time> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-folder"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">分类于</span> <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">生活</span></a> </span>， <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB/%E5%B9%B4%E7%BB%88%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">年终总结</span></a> </span>， <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB/%E5%B9%B4%E7%BB%88%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93/2019/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">2019</span></a> </span></span><span id="/2020/02/01/2019%E5%B9%B4%E7%BB%88%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93/" class="post-meta-item leancloud_visitors" data-flag-title="2019年终总结" title="阅读次数"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-eye"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">阅读次数：</span> <span class="leancloud-visitors-count"></span> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-comment"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">Disqus：</span> <a title="disqus" href="/2020/02/01/2019%E5%B9%B4%E7%BB%88%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93/#disqus_thread" itemprop="discussionUrl"><span class="post-comments-count disqus-comment-count" data-disqus-identifier="2020/02/01/2019年终总结/" itemprop="commentCount"></span></a></span></div></div></header><div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>今天是农历初八了，年前一个月的时候就准备做下今年的年终总结，可是写了一点觉得太情绪化了，希望后面写个平淡点的，正好最近技术方面还没有看到一个完整成文的内容，就来写一下这一年的总结，尽量少写一点太情绪化的东西。</p><h3 id="跳槽"><a href="#跳槽" class="headerlink" title="跳槽"></a>跳槽</h3><p>年初换了个公司，也算换了个环境，跟前公司不太一样，做的事情方向也不同，可能是侧重点不同，一开始有些不适应，主要是压力上，会觉得压力比较大，但是总体来说与人相处的部分还是不错的，做的技术方向还是Java，这里也感谢前东家让我有机会转了Java，个人感觉杭州整个市场还是Java比较有优势，不过在开始的时候总觉得对Java有点不适应，应该值得深究的东西还是很多的，而且对于面试来说，也是有很多可以问的，后面慢慢发现除开某里等一线超一线互联网公司之外，大部分的面试还是有大概的套路跟大纲的，不过更细致的则因人而异了，面试有时候也还看缘分，面试官关注的点跟应试者比较契合的话就很容易通过面试，不然的话总会有能刁难或者理性化地说比较难回答的问题。这个后面可以单独说一下，先按下不表。<br>刚进公司没多久就负责比较重要的项目，工期也比较紧张，整体来说那段时间的压力的确是比较大的，不过总算最后结果不坏，这里应该说对一些原来在前东家都是掌握的不太好的部分，比如maven，其实maven对于java程序员来说还是很重要的，但是我碰到过的面试基本没问过这个，我自己也在后面的面试中没问过相关的，不知道咋问，比如dependence分析、冲突解决，比如对bean的理解，这个算是我一直以来的疑问点，因为以前刚开始学Java学spring，上来就是bean，但是bean到底是啥，IOC是啥，可能网上的文章跟大多数书籍跟我的理解思路不太match，导致一直不能很好的理解这玩意，到后面才理解，要理解这个bean，需要有两个基本概念，一个是面向对象，一个是对象容器跟依赖反转，还是只说到这，后面可以有专题说一下，总之自认为技术上有了不小的长进了，方向上应该是偏实用的。这个重要的项目完成后慢慢能喘口气了，后面也有一些比较紧急且工作量大的，不过在我TL的帮助下还是能尽量协调好资源。</p><h3 id="面试"><a href="#面试" class="headerlink" title="面试"></a>面试</h3><p>后面因为项目比较多，缺少开发，所以也参与帮忙做一些面试，这里总体感觉是面的候选人还是比较多样的，有些工作了蛮多年但是一些基础问题回答的不好，有些还是在校学生，但是面试技巧不错，针对常见的面试题都有不错的准备，不过还是觉得光靠这些面试题不能完全说明问题，真正工作了需要的是解决问题的人，而不是会背题的，退一步来说能好好准备面试还是比较重要的，也是双向选择中的基本尊重，印象比较深刻的是参加了去杭州某高校的校招面试，感觉参加校招的同学还是很多的，大部分是20年将毕业的研究生，挺多都是基础很扎实，对比起我刚要毕业时还是很汗颜，挺多来面试的同学都非常不错，那天强度也很大，从下午到那开始一直面到六七点，在这祝福那些来面试的同学，也都不容易的，能找到心仪的工作。</p><h3 id="技术方向"><a href="#技术方向" class="headerlink" title="技术方向"></a>技术方向</h3><p>这一年前大半部分还是比较焦虑不能恢复那种主动找时间学习的状态，可能换了公司是主要的原因，初期有个适应的过程也比较正常，总体来说可能是到九十月份开始慢慢有所改善，对这些方面有学习了下，</p><ul><li>spring方向，spring真的是个庞然大物，但是还是要先抓住根本，慢慢发散去了解其他的细节，抓住bean的生命周期，当然也不是死记硬背，让我一个个背下来我也不行，但是知道它究竟是干嘛的，有啥用，并且在工作中能用起来是最重要的</li><li>mysql数据库，这部分主要是关注了mvcc，知道了个大概，源码实现细节还没具体研究，有时间可以来个专题（一大堆待写的内容）</li><li>java的一些源码，比如aqs这种，结合文章看了下源码，一开始总感觉静不下心来看，然后有一次被LD刺激了下就看完了，包括conditionObject等</li><li>redis的源码，这里包括了Redis分布式锁和redis的数据结构源码，已经写成文章，不过比较着急成文，所以质量不是特别好，希望后面再来补补</li><li>jvm源码，这部分正好是想了解下g1收集器，大概把周志明的书看完了，但是还没完整的理解掌握，还有就是g1收集器的部分，一是概念部分大概理解了，后面是就是想从源码层面去学习理解，这也是新一年的主要计划</li><li>mq的部分是了解了zero copy，sendfile等，跟消息队列主题关系不大🤦‍♂️<br>这么看还是学了点东西的，希望新一年再接再厉。</li></ul><h3 id="生活"><a href="#生活" class="headerlink" title="生活"></a>生活</h3><p>住的地方没变化，主要是周边设施比较方便，暂时没找到更好的就没打算换，主要的问题是没电梯，一开始没觉得有啥，真正住起来还是觉得比较累的，希望后面租的可以有电梯，或者楼层低一点，还有就是要通下水道，第一次让师傅上门，花了两百大洋，后来自学成才了，让师傅通了一次才撑了一个月就不行了，后面自己通的差不多可以撑半年，还是比较有成就感的😀，然后就是跑步了，年初的时候去了紫金港跑步，后面因为工作的原因没去了，但是公司的跑步机倒是让我重拾起这个唯一的运动健身项目，后面因为肠胃问题，体重也需要控制，所以就周末回来也在家这边坚持跑步，下半年的话基本保持每周一次以上，比较那些跑马拉松的大牛还是差距很大，不过也是突破自我了，有一次跑了12公里，最远的距离，而且后面感觉跑十公里也不是特别吃不消了，这一年达成了300公里的目标，体重也稍有下降，比较满意的结果。</p><h3 id="期待"><a href="#期待" class="headerlink" title="期待"></a>期待</h3><p>希望工作方面技术方面能有所长进，生活上能多点时间陪家人，继续跑步减肥，家人健健康康的，嗯</p></div><footer class="post-footer"><div class="post-eof"></div></footer></article></div><div class="post-block"><article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article" class="post-content"><link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://nicksxs.me/2020/01/22/redis%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D%E5%85%AD/"><span hidden itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="image" content="/uploads/avatar.jpg"><meta itemprop="name" content="Nicksxs"></span><span hidden itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="Nicksxs's Blog"><meta itemprop="description" content="learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森"></span><span hidden itemprop="post" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><meta itemprop="name" content="undefined | Nicksxs's Blog"><meta itemprop="description" content=""></span><header class="post-header"><h2 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/2020/01/22/redis%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D%E5%85%AD/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">redis数据结构介绍六 快表</a></h2><div class="post-meta-container"><div class="post-meta"><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-calendar"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span> <time title="创建时间：2020-01-22 21:51:30" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2020-01-22T21:51:30+08:00">2020-01-22</time> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-calendar-check"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">更新于</span> <time title="修改时间：2020-01-26 21:39:57" itemprop="dateModified" datetime="2020-01-26T21:39:57+08:00">2020-01-26</time> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-folder"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">分类于</span> <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/Redis/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">Redis</span></a> </span>， <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/Redis/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">数据结构</span></a> </span>， <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/Redis/%E6%BA%90%E7%A0%81/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">源码</span></a> </span>， <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/C/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">C</span></a> </span>， <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/C/Redis/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">Redis</span></a> </span></span><span id="/2020/01/22/redis%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D%E5%85%AD/" class="post-meta-item leancloud_visitors" data-flag-title="redis数据结构介绍六 快表" title="阅读次数"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-eye"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">阅读次数：</span> <span class="leancloud-visitors-count"></span> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-comment"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">Disqus：</span> <a title="disqus" href="/2020/01/22/redis%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D%E5%85%AD/#disqus_thread" itemprop="discussionUrl"><span class="post-comments-count disqus-comment-count" data-disqus-identifier="2020/01/22/redis数据结构介绍六/" itemprop="commentCount"></span></a></span></div></div></header><div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>这应该是 redis 系列的最后一篇了，讲下快表，其实最前面讲的链表在早先的 redis 版本中也作为 list 的数据结构使用过，但是单纯的链表的缺陷之前也说了，插入便利，但是空间利用率低，并且不能进行二分查找等，检索效率低，ziplist 压缩表的产生也是同理，希望获得更好的性能，包括存储空间和访问性能等，原来我也不懂这个快表要怎么快，然后明白了一个道理，其实并没有什么银弹，只是大牛们会在适合的时候使用最适合的数据结构来实现性能的最大化，这里面有一招就是不同数据结构的组合调整，比如 Java 中的 HashMap，在链表节点数大于 8 时会转变成红黑树，以此提高访问效率，不费话了，回到快表，quicklist，这个数据结构主要使用在 list 类型中，如果我说其实这个 quicklist 就是个链表，可能大家不太会相信，但是事实上的确可以认为 quicklist 是个双向链表，看下代码</p><pre class="line-numbers language-C" data-language="C"><code class="language-C">&#x2F;* quicklistNode is a 32 byte struct describing a ziplist for a quicklist.
* We use bit fields keep the quicklistNode at 32 bytes.
* count: 16 bits, max 65536 (max zl bytes is 65k, so max count actually &lt; 32k).
* encoding: 2 bits, RAW&#x3D;1, LZF&#x3D;2.
* container: 2 bits, NONE&#x3D;1, ZIPLIST&#x3D;2.
* recompress: 1 bit, bool, true if node is temporarry decompressed for usage.
* attempted_compress: 1 bit, boolean, used for verifying during testing.
* extra: 10 bits, free for future use; pads out the remainder of 32 bits *&#x2F;
typedef struct quicklistNode &#123;
struct quicklistNode *prev;
struct quicklistNode *next;
unsigned char *zl;
unsigned int sz; &#x2F;* ziplist size in bytes *&#x2F;
unsigned int count : 16; &#x2F;* count of items in ziplist *&#x2F;
unsigned int encoding : 2; &#x2F;* RAW&#x3D;&#x3D;1 or LZF&#x3D;&#x3D;2 *&#x2F;
unsigned int container : 2; &#x2F;* NONE&#x3D;&#x3D;1 or ZIPLIST&#x3D;&#x3D;2 *&#x2F;
unsigned int recompress : 1; &#x2F;* was this node previous compressed? *&#x2F;
unsigned int attempted_compress : 1; &#x2F;* node can&#39;t compress; too small *&#x2F;
unsigned int extra : 10; &#x2F;* more bits to steal for future usage *&#x2F;
&#125; quicklistNode;
&#x2F;* quicklistLZF is a 4+N byte struct holding &#39;sz&#39; followed by &#39;compressed&#39;.
* &#39;sz&#39; is byte length of &#39;compressed&#39; field.
* &#39;compressed&#39; is LZF data with total (compressed) length &#39;sz&#39;
* NOTE: uncompressed length is stored in quicklistNode-&gt;sz.
* When quicklistNode-&gt;zl is compressed, node-&gt;zl points to a quicklistLZF *&#x2F;
typedef struct quicklistLZF &#123;
unsigned int sz; &#x2F;* LZF size in bytes*&#x2F;
char compressed[];
&#125; quicklistLZF;
&#x2F;* quicklist is a 40 byte struct (on 64-bit systems) describing a quicklist.
* &#39;count&#39; is the number of total entries.
* &#39;len&#39; is the number of quicklist nodes.
* &#39;compress&#39; is: -1 if compression disabled, otherwise it&#39;s the number
* of quicklistNodes to leave uncompressed at ends of quicklist.
* &#39;fill&#39; is the user-requested (or default) fill factor. *&#x2F;
typedef struct quicklist &#123;
quicklistNode *head;
quicklistNode *tail;
unsigned long count; &#x2F;* total count of all entries in all ziplists *&#x2F;
unsigned long len; &#x2F;* number of quicklistNodes *&#x2F;
int fill : 16; &#x2F;* fill factor for individual nodes *&#x2F;
unsigned int compress : 16; &#x2F;* depth of end nodes not to compress;0&#x3D;off *&#x2F;
&#125; quicklist;<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre><p>粗略看下，quicklist 里有 head，tail, quicklistNode里有 prev，next 指针，是不是有链表的基本轮廓了，那么为啥这玩意要称为快表呢，快在哪，关键就在这个<code>unsigned char *zl;</code>zl 是不是前面又看到过，就是 ziplist ，这是什么鬼，链表里用压缩表，这不套娃么，先别急，回顾下前面说的 ziplist，ziplist 有哪些特点，内存利用率高，可以从表头快速定位到尾节点，节点可以从后往前找，但是有个缺点，就是从中间插入的效率比较低，需要整体往后移，这个其实是普通数组的优化版，但还是有数组的一些劣势，所以要真的快，是不是可以将链表跟数组真的结合起来。</p><h2 id="ziplist"><a href="#ziplist" class="headerlink" title="ziplist"></a>ziplist</h2><p>这里有两个 redis 的配置参数，<code>list-max-ziplist-size</code> 和 <code>list-compress-depth</code>，先来说第一个，既然快表是将链表跟压缩表数组结合起来使用，那么具体怎么用呢，比如我有一个 10 个元素的 list，那具体怎么放，每个 quicklistNode 里放多大的 ziplist，假如每个快表节点的 ziplist 只放一个元素，那么其实这就退化成了一个链表，如果 10 个元素放在一个 quicklistNode 的 ziplist 里，那就退化成了一个 ziplist，所以有了这个 <code>list-max-ziplist-size</code>,而且它还比较牛，能取正负值，当是正值时，对应的就是每个 quicklistNode 的 ziplist 中的元素个数，比如配置了 <code>list-max-ziplist-size = 5</code>，那么我刚才的 10 个元素的 list 就是一个两个 quicklistNode 组成的快表，每个 quicklistNode 中的 ziplist 包含了五个元素，当 <code>list-max-ziplist-size</code>取负值的时候，它限制了 ziplist 的字节数</p><pre class="line-numbers language-none"><code class="language-none">size_t offset &#x3D; (-fill) - 1;
if (offset &lt; (sizeof(optimization_level) &#x2F; sizeof(*optimization_level))) &#123;
if (sz &lt;&#x3D; optimization_level[offset]) &#123;
return 1;
&#125; else &#123;
return 0;
&#125;
&#125; else &#123;
return 0;
&#125;
&#x2F;* Optimization levels for size-based filling *&#x2F;
static const size_t optimization_level[] &#x3D; &#123;4096, 8192, 16384, 32768, 65536&#125;;
&#x2F;* Create a new quicklist.
* Free with quicklistRelease(). *&#x2F;
quicklist *quicklistCreate(void) &#123;
struct quicklist *quicklist;
quicklist &#x3D; zmalloc(sizeof(*quicklist));
quicklist-&gt;head &#x3D; quicklist-&gt;tail &#x3D; NULL;
quicklist-&gt;len &#x3D; 0;
quicklist-&gt;count &#x3D; 0;
quicklist-&gt;compress &#x3D; 0;
quicklist-&gt;fill &#x3D; -2;
return quicklist;
&#125;<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre><p>这个 fill 就是传进来的 <code>list-max-ziplist-size</code>, 具体对应的就是</p><ul><li>-5: 每个quicklist节点上的ziplist大小不能超过64 Kb。（注：1kb &#x3D;&gt; 1024 bytes）</li><li>-4: 每个quicklist节点上的ziplist大小不能超过32 Kb。</li><li>-3: 每个quicklist节点上的ziplist大小不能超过16 Kb。</li><li>-2: 每个quicklist节点上的ziplist大小不能超过8 Kb。（-2是Redis给出的默认值）也就是上面的 <code>quicklist-&gt;fill = -2;</code></li><li>-1: 每个quicklist节点上的ziplist大小不能超过4 Kb。</li></ul><h2 id="压缩"><a href="#压缩" class="headerlink" title="压缩"></a>压缩</h2><p><code>list-compress-depth</code>这个参数呢是用来配置压缩的，等等压缩是为啥，不是里面已经是压缩表了么，大牛们就是为了性能殚精竭虑，这里考虑到的是一个场景，一般状况下，list 都是两端的访问频率比较高，那么是不是可以对中间的数据进行压缩，那么这个参数就是用来表示</p><pre class="line-numbers language-none"><code class="language-none">&#x2F;* depth of end nodes not to compress;0&#x3D;off *&#x2F;<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span></code></pre><ul><li>0，代表不压缩，默认值</li><li>1，两端各一个节点不压缩</li><li>2，两端各两个节点不压缩</li><li>… 依次类推<br>压缩后的 ziplist 就会变成 quicklistLZF，然后替换 zl 指针，这里使用的是 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://oldhome.schmorp.de/marc/liblzf.html">LZF</a> 压缩算法，压缩后的 quicklistLZF 中的 compressed 也是个柔性数组，压缩后的 ziplist 整个就放进这个柔性数组</li></ul><h2 id="插入过程"><a href="#插入过程" class="headerlink" title="插入过程"></a>插入过程</h2><p>简单说下插入元素的过程</p><pre class="line-numbers language-none"><code class="language-none">&#x2F;* Wrapper to allow argument-based switching between HEAD&#x2F;TAIL pop *&#x2F;
void quicklistPush(quicklist *quicklist, void *value, const size_t sz,
int where) &#123;
if (where &#x3D;&#x3D; QUICKLIST_HEAD) &#123;
quicklistPushHead(quicklist, value, sz);
&#125; else if (where &#x3D;&#x3D; QUICKLIST_TAIL) &#123;
quicklistPushTail(quicklist, value, sz);
&#125;
&#125;
&#x2F;* Add new entry to head node of quicklist.
*
* Returns 0 if used existing head.
* Returns 1 if new head created. *&#x2F;
int quicklistPushHead(quicklist *quicklist, void *value, size_t sz) &#123;
quicklistNode *orig_head &#x3D; quicklist-&gt;head;
if (likely(
_quicklistNodeAllowInsert(quicklist-&gt;head, quicklist-&gt;fill, sz))) &#123;
quicklist-&gt;head-&gt;zl &#x3D;
ziplistPush(quicklist-&gt;head-&gt;zl, value, sz, ZIPLIST_HEAD);
quicklistNodeUpdateSz(quicklist-&gt;head);
&#125; else &#123;
quicklistNode *node &#x3D; quicklistCreateNode();
node-&gt;zl &#x3D; ziplistPush(ziplistNew(), value, sz, ZIPLIST_HEAD);
quicklistNodeUpdateSz(node);
_quicklistInsertNodeBefore(quicklist, quicklist-&gt;head, node);
&#125;
quicklist-&gt;count++;
quicklist-&gt;head-&gt;count++;
return (orig_head !&#x3D; quicklist-&gt;head);
&#125;
&#x2F;* Add new entry to tail node of quicklist.
*
* Returns 0 if used existing tail.
* Returns 1 if new tail created. *&#x2F;
int quicklistPushTail(quicklist *quicklist, void *value, size_t sz) &#123;
quicklistNode *orig_tail &#x3D; quicklist-&gt;tail;
if (likely(
_quicklistNodeAllowInsert(quicklist-&gt;tail, quicklist-&gt;fill, sz))) &#123;
quicklist-&gt;tail-&gt;zl &#x3D;
ziplistPush(quicklist-&gt;tail-&gt;zl, value, sz, ZIPLIST_TAIL);
quicklistNodeUpdateSz(quicklist-&gt;tail);
&#125; else &#123;
quicklistNode *node &#x3D; quicklistCreateNode();
node-&gt;zl &#x3D; ziplistPush(ziplistNew(), value, sz, ZIPLIST_TAIL);
quicklistNodeUpdateSz(node);
_quicklistInsertNodeAfter(quicklist, quicklist-&gt;tail, node);
&#125;
quicklist-&gt;count++;
quicklist-&gt;tail-&gt;count++;
return (orig_tail !&#x3D; quicklist-&gt;tail);
&#125;
&#x2F;* Wrappers for node inserting around existing node. *&#x2F;
REDIS_STATIC void _quicklistInsertNodeBefore(quicklist *quicklist,
quicklistNode *old_node,
quicklistNode *new_node) &#123;
__quicklistInsertNode(quicklist, old_node, new_node, 0);
&#125;
REDIS_STATIC void _quicklistInsertNodeAfter(quicklist *quicklist,
quicklistNode *old_node,
quicklistNode *new_node) &#123;
__quicklistInsertNode(quicklist, old_node, new_node, 1);
&#125;
&#x2F;* Insert &#39;new_node&#39; after &#39;old_node&#39; if &#39;after&#39; is 1.
* Insert &#39;new_node&#39; before &#39;old_node&#39; if &#39;after&#39; is 0.
* Note: &#39;new_node&#39; is *always* uncompressed, so if we assign it to
* head or tail, we do not need to uncompress it. *&#x2F;
REDIS_STATIC void __quicklistInsertNode(quicklist *quicklist,
quicklistNode *old_node,
quicklistNode *new_node, int after) &#123;
if (after) &#123;
new_node-&gt;prev &#x3D; old_node;
if (old_node) &#123;
new_node-&gt;next &#x3D; old_node-&gt;next;
if (old_node-&gt;next)
old_node-&gt;next-&gt;prev &#x3D; new_node;
old_node-&gt;next &#x3D; new_node;
&#125;
if (quicklist-&gt;tail &#x3D;&#x3D; old_node)
quicklist-&gt;tail &#x3D; new_node;
&#125; else &#123;
new_node-&gt;next &#x3D; old_node;
if (old_node) &#123;
new_node-&gt;prev &#x3D; old_node-&gt;prev;
if (old_node-&gt;prev)
old_node-&gt;prev-&gt;next &#x3D; new_node;
old_node-&gt;prev &#x3D; new_node;
&#125;
if (quicklist-&gt;head &#x3D;&#x3D; old_node)
quicklist-&gt;head &#x3D; new_node;
&#125;
&#x2F;* If this insert creates the only element so far, initialize head&#x2F;tail. *&#x2F;
if (quicklist-&gt;len &#x3D;&#x3D; 0) &#123;
quicklist-&gt;head &#x3D; quicklist-&gt;tail &#x3D; new_node;
&#125;
if (old_node)
quicklistCompress(quicklist, old_node);
quicklist-&gt;len++;
&#125;<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre><p>前面第一步先根据插入的是头还是尾选择不同的 push 函数，quicklistPushHead 或者 quicklistPushTail，举例分析下从头插入的 quicklistPushHead，先判断当前的 quicklistNode 节点还能不能允许再往 ziplist 里添加元素，如果可以就添加，如果不允许就新建一个 quicklistNode，然后调用 _quicklistInsertNodeBefore 将节点插进去，具体插入quicklist节点的操作类似链表的插入。</p></div><footer class="post-footer"><div class="post-eof"></div></footer></article></div><div class="post-block"><article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article" class="post-content"><link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://nicksxs.me/2020/01/20/redis%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D%E4%BA%94/"><span hidden itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="image" content="/uploads/avatar.jpg"><meta itemprop="name" content="Nicksxs"></span><span hidden itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="Nicksxs's Blog"><meta itemprop="description" content="learn from zero,技术博客，Nicksxs，史学森"></span><span hidden itemprop="post" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><meta itemprop="name" content="undefined | Nicksxs's Blog"><meta itemprop="description" content=""></span><header class="post-header"><h2 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline"><a href="/2020/01/20/redis%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D%E4%BA%94/" class="post-title-link" itemprop="url">redis数据结构介绍五-第五部分 对象</a></h2><div class="post-meta-container"><div class="post-meta"><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-calendar"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">发表于</span> <time title="创建时间：2020-01-20 01:02:48" itemprop="dateCreated datePublished" datetime="2020-01-20T01:02:48+08:00">2020-01-20</time> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-folder"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">分类于</span> <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/Redis/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">Redis</span></a> </span>， <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/Redis/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">数据结构</span></a> </span>， <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/Redis/%E6%BA%90%E7%A0%81/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">源码</span></a> </span>， <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/C/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">C</span></a> </span>， <span itemprop="about" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Thing"><a href="/categories/C/Redis/" itemprop="url" rel="index"><span itemprop="name">Redis</span></a> </span></span><span id="/2020/01/20/redis%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D%E4%BA%94/" class="post-meta-item leancloud_visitors" data-flag-title="redis数据结构介绍五-第五部分 对象" title="阅读次数"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-eye"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">阅读次数：</span> <span class="leancloud-visitors-count"></span> </span><span class="post-meta-item"><span class="post-meta-item-icon"><i class="far fa-comment"></i> </span><span class="post-meta-item-text">Disqus：</span> <a title="disqus" href="/2020/01/20/redis%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D%E4%BA%94/#disqus_thread" itemprop="discussionUrl"><span class="post-comments-count disqus-comment-count" data-disqus-identifier="2020/01/20/redis数据结构介绍五/" itemprop="commentCount"></span></a></span></div></div></header><div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>前面说了这么些数据结构，其实大家对于 redis 最初的印象应该就是个 key-value 的缓存，类似于 memcache，redis 其实也是个 key-value，key 还是一样的字符串，或者说就是用 redis 自己的动态字符串实现，但是 value 其实就是前面说的那些数据结构，差不多快说完了，还有个 quicklist 后面还有一篇，这里先介绍下 redis 对于这些不同类型的 value 是怎么实现的，首先看下 redisObject 的源码头文件</p><pre class="line-numbers language-C" data-language="C"><code class="language-C">&#x2F;* The actual Redis Object *&#x2F;
#define OBJ_STRING 0 &#x2F;* String object. *&#x2F;
#define OBJ_LIST 1 &#x2F;* List object. *&#x2F;
#define OBJ_SET 2 &#x2F;* Set object. *&#x2F;
#define OBJ_ZSET 3 &#x2F;* Sorted set object. *&#x2F;
#define OBJ_HASH 4 &#x2F;* Hash object. *&#x2F;
&#x2F;*
* Objects encoding. Some kind of objects like Strings and Hashes can be
* internally represented in multiple ways. The &#39;encoding&#39; field of the object
* is set to one of this fields for this object. *&#x2F;
#define OBJ_ENCODING_RAW 0 &#x2F;* Raw representation *&#x2F;
#define OBJ_ENCODING_INT 1 &#x2F;* Encoded as integer *&#x2F;
#define OBJ_ENCODING_HT 2 &#x2F;* Encoded as hash table *&#x2F;
#define OBJ_ENCODING_ZIPMAP 3 &#x2F;* Encoded as zipmap *&#x2F;
#define OBJ_ENCODING_LINKEDLIST 4 &#x2F;* No longer used: old list encoding. *&#x2F;
#define OBJ_ENCODING_ZIPLIST 5 &#x2F;* Encoded as ziplist *&#x2F;
#define OBJ_ENCODING_INTSET 6 &#x2F;* Encoded as intset *&#x2F;
#define OBJ_ENCODING_SKIPLIST 7 &#x2F;* Encoded as skiplist *&#x2F;
#define OBJ_ENCODING_EMBSTR 8 &#x2F;* Embedded sds string encoding *&#x2F;
#define OBJ_ENCODING_QUICKLIST 9 &#x2F;* Encoded as linked list of ziplists *&#x2F;
#define OBJ_ENCODING_STREAM 10 &#x2F;* Encoded as a radix tree of listpacks *&#x2F;
#define LRU_BITS 24
#define LRU_CLOCK_MAX ((1&lt;&lt;LRU_BITS)-1) &#x2F;* Max value of obj-&gt;lru *&#x2F;
#define LRU_CLOCK_RESOLUTION 1000 &#x2F;* LRU clock resolution in ms *&#x2F;
#define OBJ_SHARED_REFCOUNT INT_MAX
typedef struct redisObject &#123;
unsigned type:4;
unsigned encoding:4;
unsigned lru:LRU_BITS; &#x2F;* LRU time (relative to global lru_clock) or
* LFU data (least significant 8 bits frequency
* and most significant 16 bits access time). *&#x2F;
int refcount;
void *ptr;
&#125; robj;<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre><p>主体结构就是这个 redisObject，</p><ul><li>type： 字段表示对象的类型，它对应的就是 redis 的对外暴露的，或者说用户可以使用的五种类型，OBJ_STRING, OBJ_LIST, OBJ_SET, OBJ_ZSET, OBJ_HASH</li><li>encoding： 字段表示这个对象在 redis 内部的编码方式，由OBJ_ENCODING_开头的 11 种</li><li>lru: 做LRU替换算法用，占24个bit</li><li>refcount: 引用计数。它允许robj对象在某些情况下被共享。</li><li>ptr: 指向底层实现数据结构的指针<br>当 type 是 OBJ_STRING 时，表示类型是个 string，它的编码方式 encoding 可能有 OBJ_ENCODING_RAW，OBJ_ENCODING_INT，OBJ_ENCODING_EMBSTR 三种<br>当 type 是 OBJ_LIST 时，表示类型是 list，它的编码方式 encoding 是 OBJ_ENCODING_QUICKLIST，对于早一些的版本，2.2这种可能还会使用 OBJ_ENCODING_ZIPLIST，OBJ_ENCODING_LINKEDLIST<br>当 type 是 OBJ_SET 时，是个集合，但是得看具体元素的类型，有可能使用整数集合，OBJ_ENCODING_INTSET, 如果元素不全是整型或者数量超过一定限制，那么编码就是 OBJ_ENCODING_HT hash table 了<br>当 type 是 OBJ_ZSET 时，是个有序集合，它底层有可能使用的是 OBJ_ENCODING_ZIPLIST 或者 OBJ_ENCODING_SKIPLIST<br>当 type 是 OBJ_HASH 时，一开始也是 OBJ_ENCODING_ZIPLIST，然后当数据量大于 hash_max_ziplist_entries 时会转成 OBJ_ENCODING_HT</li></ul></div><footer class="post-footer"><div class="post-eof"></div></footer></article></div><nav class="pagination"><a class="extend prev" rel="prev" href="/page/31/"><i class="fa fa-angle-left" aria-label="上一页"></i></a><a class="page-number" href="/">1</a><span class="space">&hellip;</span><a class="page-number" href="/page/31/">31</a><span class="page-number current">32</span><a class="page-number" href="/page/33/">33</a><span class="space">&hellip;</span><a class="page-number" href="/page/39/">39</a><a class="extend next" rel="next" href="/page/33/"><i class="fa fa-angle-right" aria-label="下一页"></i></a></nav></div></main><footer class="footer"><div class="footer-inner"><div class="beian"><a href="https://beian.miit.gov.cn/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">浙ICP备16002580号-2 </a><img src="/uploads/beian.png" alt=""><a href="http://www.beian.gov.cn/portal/registerSystemInfo?recordcode=33010602011094" rel="noopener" target="_blank">浙公网安备 33010602011094号</a></div><div class="copyright">&copy; 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